1. Classification and Structure of Bones

2. Goals for Today 1) Skeletal support system 2) Four bone groups
3) Bone structure
4) Bone markings and their functions

4. Support System 1. Bone Matrix filled with calcium salts
Rigidity from calcium salts
Flexibility from collagen fibers
Contains osteocytes or “bone cells”

5. Support System 2. Cartilage
Pg. 78
Support System
2. Cartilage
Gel-like matrix with fibers such as collagen and elastic fibers
Chondrocyte (Cartilage Cells)
3 types

6. 3 types of Cartilage flexible, not sturdy - EX: epiglottis, ear
Elastic Cartilage
flexible, not sturdy
- EX: epiglottis, ear
Hyaline Cartilage
- sturdy support with
some flexibility
- EX: nose, trachea, ribs
Fibrocartilage
sturdy, not as flexible
EX: intervertebral disks

7. Cartilage: Infant vs. Adult Skeleton
More cartilage
Less cartilage

8. The 4 Bone Groups Long Bones – longer than wide. EX: femur, humerus
Short Bones – cube-shaped.
EX: tarsals, carpals
Flat Bones – thin and flattened. EX: skull, ribs
Irregular Bones – “other bones” EX: vertebrae

9. Parts of a Bone Epiphyses ends Diaphysis shaft Epiphyseal line
Where they meet
AKA growth plate
Medullary Cavity
Contains yellow bone marrow

10. Epiphyseal (Growth)
Plate

11. Bone Parts Compact bone Dense portion of diaphysis
Surrounds yellow bone marrow
Spongy bone
in epiphysis
Contains red bone marrow
Membranes
Periosteum – outside
Endosteum – inside

12. Microscopic structure of bone
Central Canal w/ blood vessels, nerves
Lacunae w/
bone cells
Osteon

13. Bone Markings Table 9.1
Vessel Passage
Muscle
Attachment
Joints

14. Tuberosity
Crest