1. Chapter 4 Setting Goals

2. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.4 - 2 What are Goals? Goals are well-defined plans aimed at achieving a specific result. Goals are roadmaps for achieving what you want in life. Goals represent a course of action you intend to pursue. Goals reflect your values and your priorities.

3. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.4 - 3 People Who Set Goals People who set goals are… Clear about what they want in their lives Not afraid to make commitments to things they value Not afraid of trying or failing Organized and know how to prioritize their goals Aware of effective goal setting techniques Not procrastinators Action oriented and choose to be a cause and not an effect.

4. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.4 - 4 Different Kinds of Goals

5. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.4 - 5 Four Steps for Writing Goals

6. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.4 - 6 Motivation Motivation is the feeling, emotion, or desire that moves a person to take action. Motivation helps people make changes, learn something new, perform at a higher level, overcome procrastination, and persevere. Motivation often begins the process of goal setting. Motivation is the driving force behind achieving goals.

7. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.4 - 7 Key Concepts in Motivation What do these terms mean to you? Intrinsic motivation Extrinsic motivation The Skill, Not Will Approach

8. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.4 - 8 Eight Motivation Competencies Manage your environment. Manage your thoughts. Set goals. Maintain a healthful lifestyle. Make commitments. Monitor your behavior. Manage your stress. Manage your rewards. [From Psychology Today, August, 2001, pp.54-55]

9. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.4 - 9 Self-Efficacy Self-efficacy is the belief in your abilities to achieve at a specific level of performance. Positive self-talk and positive statements reflect a high level of self-efficacy. A person's self-efficacy and self-respect create self- esteem. Your level of self-efficacy can influence which tasks you take on and which tasks you avoid.

10. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.4 - 10 Self-Esteem Cycles

11. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.4 - 11 Essential Strategies to Build and Maintain Motivation Prioritize your goals. Evaluate the importance of a goal. Break a larger goal into a series of smaller goals. Visualize yourself reaching your goal. Use positive self-talk and affirmations. Keep your goals in the forefront. Use a goal organizer. Monitor your progress. Acknowledge and praise yourself.

12. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.4 - 12 Use a Goal Organizer Answer six questions to help organize your plan of action: 1. What is your goal? 2. What benefit will you gain by achieving this goal? 3. What consequences will you experience by not achieving this goal? 4. What obstacles might you encounter while working on this goal? 5. How can you deal with the obstacles effectively if they occur? 6. What people or resources could help you with achieving your goal?

13. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.4 - 13 Use a Five-Day Study Plan to Prepare for a Major Test Step 1: List all the topics and materials you need to review. Step 2: Make a five-day plan of action. Divide all the topics and materials you need to review into four groups. On your weekly planner, assign four specific days to review the materials in each group. On your weekly planner, assign a final review (Day 5) the day before the test.

14. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.4 - 14 Five-Day Study Plan Continued Step 3: Identify the steps involved. Create a strategy or routine for reviewing the materials. Create summary notes for definitions, lists, or concepts you will want to review one final time. Day 1: Make summary notes for the first group of materials. Day 2: Make summary notes for the second group of materials. Day 3: Make summary notes for the third group of materials. Day 4: Make summary notes for the fourth group of materials. Day 5: Review summary notes before the test. Step 4: Plan a reward for yourself after you complete the test.

15. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.4 - 15 Set Goals for Term-Long Projects Break the assignment into specific tasks. Estimate the time needed for each task. Double the estimated time for each task. Record the due dates on your term calendar for each task. Begin right away.