2. { How elements combine I can explain what an ion is and how an ion forms Science Standard: Use the periodic table as a model to predict the properties of elements based on patterns of the electrons in the outermost energy level of atoms

3. { Elements, Atoms, and Ions

5. An atom consists of a  nucleus  (of protons and neutrons)  electrons in space about the nucleus. The Atom Nucleus Electron cloud

6. + the positive (+) particle is called a proton

7. the negative (-) particle is called an electron

8. + + + + + the particles that make up atoms have either positive or negative charge

9. +++++ positive and negative are opposites they cancel each other out

10. +++++ net charge = zero NEUTRAL ATOM

11. {

12. In order to understand what ions are, we need to know that…

13. +++++ in an atom, protons ( ) are in the center and electrons ( ) are on the outside +

14. +++++ only electrons ( ) can be added or taken away

15. +++++ this is an atom with 5 electrons and 5 protons

16. +++++ the atom is neutral net charge = zero

17. +++++ 5 (-) and 5 (+) = zero charge (neutral)

18. +++++

19. +++++

20. +++++ Charged Atom ION charge = ?

21. +++++ charge = 1- (one minus)

22. +++++

23. ++++ Charged Atom ION charge = ?

24. +++++ 2+ ( two plus )

25. WHEN REMOVING ELECTRONS

26. THE RESULTING CHARGE IS POSITIVE

27. WHEN REMOVING ELECTRONS THE RESULTING CHARGE IS POSITIVE neutral 1+

28. WHEN ADDING ELECTRONS

29. THE RESULTING CHARGE IS NEGATIVE WHEN ADDING ELECTRONS

30. THE RESULTING CHARGE IS NEGATIVE neutral 2 WHEN ADDING ELECTRONS

31. An atom with positive or negative charge is called an drum roll ION

33. Atoms without charge are called ATOMS Atoms with positive or negative charge are called IONS

34. Notice that ONLY the number of e - changes The number of protons in an Atom NEVER changes (Only electrons are added or subtracted) (why?)

36. Ions are what produces color in a plasma ball and the aurora borealis

37. Ions in the human body

38. /

39. ions make up the salt you put on French fries

40. ions are required for your brain to function (ions allow you to see and understand this presentation)

41. ions are an essential ingredient in soap

42. ions are required for cellular respiration

43. ions make up acids and bases

44. ions keep your blood functioning

45. ions make up the salt you put French fries ions are required for your brain to function (ions allow you to see and understand this presentation) ions are an essential ingredient in soap ions are required for cellular respiration ions make up acids and bases ions keep your blood functioning

46. Metals combine with non-metals Metals lose electrons to non-metals They then attract because their charges will be opposite.

47.  metals (Mg) lose electrons ---> positive ion  nonmetals (F) gain electrons ---> negative ion PREDICTING ION CHARGES

48. An atom with positive or negative charge is called an drum roll ION

49. WHEN REMOVING ELECTRONS

50. THE RESULTING CHARGE IS POSITIVE

51. WHEN REMOVING ELECTRONS THE RESULTING CHARGE IS POSITIVE neutral 1+

52. Positively charged ion Cation

54. WHEN ADDING ELECTRONS

55. THE RESULTING CHARGE IS NEGATIVE WHEN ADDING ELECTRONS

56. THE RESULTING CHARGE IS NEGATIVE neutral 2 WHEN ADDING ELECTRONS

57. Negatively charged ions Anions

58. Section A: Complete the chart using a periodic table to help you.

59. Charges on Common Ions -2-3 +1 +2 By losing or gaining e-, an atom has same number of e-’s as nearest Group 8 atom and can pretend to be like a noble gas!

60. { Opposites Attract! Opposites make a compound