1. APHG FRQs Potential for 2014-15

2. Unit 1: Geography Basics None specific to Unit 1 Potential Topics? Scale Technology/Geographic tools Map projections Types of regions Distance decay/friction of distance Gravity model Cultural ecology Cultural landscape Maps – types, basics Spatial analysis/perspective

3. Unit 2: Population & Migration Last in 2012 & 2013 Potential Topics? Illegal immigration Epidemiology/disease Demographic Transition – factors influencing stages Density Push/Pull factors Regional migration within U.S. (westward expansion, north to south/west, Great Migration of African Americans)

4. Unit 3: Culture Last in 2009 Potential Topics? Diffusion Globalization of culture, cultural imperialism Uniform landscape Taboos Ethnic conflicts/ethnic cleansing Distribution of languages, organization of languages Lingua franca Global distribution of religion Role of religion in conflict Gender inequality Cultural extinction, acculturation, assimilation

5. Unit 4: Political Geo. Last in 2012 & 2014 Potential Topics? Electoral geography Gerrymandering Unitary vs. Federal/territorial organization Shapes of states/sizes of states Colonialism/Imperialism – impacts, purpose Terrorism Geopolitical theories

6. Unit 5: Industry & Development Last in 2013 & 2014 Potential Topics? Sustainable development Resource issues Self-sufficiency vs. international trade Emerging economies Neo-colonialism Offshore financial services Basic & non-basic industries Deindustrialization Regional relocation of industry (within U.S., Europe, etc.) Impact of Industrial Revolution (economy, agriculture, urbanization, population growth, migration, etc.) Economic globalization

7. Unit 6: Agriculture & Rural Land Use Last in 2012 & 2014 Potential Topics? Sustainable agriculture Organic agriculture Feedlots Commercial agriculture vs. Subsistence Desertification, loss of soil quality, soil salinization, environmental impacts, etc. Strategies for increasing food supply Lack of water in arid/semiarid regions Food security GMOs Change from subsistence to commercial Plantation agriculture

8. Unit 7: Cities & Urban Land Use Last in 2013 Potential Topics? Central Place Theory Rationale for city location Factors in urbanization Development of ancient and medieval cities Factors in development of world cities Edge cities Urban models Suburbanization Ghettoization/inner-city problems & decay Redevelopment of inner-city/gentrification New Urbanism