1. AP C HEMISTRY T UTORIALS –05 C HP 01-06: AP Q UESTIONS Srinivasan G. Srivilliputhur January 19, 2016

2. Today’s Overview Mass SpectrometryMass Spectrometry 1 AP Examples 2008 2

3. Mass SpectrometryMass Spectrometry 1

4. Basic Principle: A charged particle in a magnetic field is deflected Degree of deflection depends on the mass to charge ratio (m/Z) Detector measures charges hitting it (in form of electric current) For a fixed force, the amount of deflection is more for: Lighter particles Particle with higher charge Mass Spectrometry detects molecular weight, molecular formula, and elements present https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NuIH9-6Fm6U Mass Spectrum

5. AP Chemistry ExamplesAP Chemistry Examples 2

6. 2008 AP Chemistry

8. London Dispersion Forces induced dipole-induced dipole attraction the weakest intermolecular force. a temporary attractive force created when the electrons in two adjacent atoms occupy positions that create temporary dipoles. present between all molecules (polar and nonpolar). attractive forces that cause nonpolar substances to condense to liquids and to freeze into solids at “low” temperatures. stronger between easily polarized molecules. weaker between not easily polarized molecules.

9. 2008 AP Chemistry

10. 2008 AP Chemistry: Answers (01) A(02) A (03) C(07) A (08) E (09) E (15) B (16) E (17) A (19) C (20) E(21) B (22) C(23) B (24) B(00) X ) Z