1. There are 4 main layers that make up the earth: The crust The mantle The outer core The inner core

3. The Crust
Top layer
All that we can see and what we live on – mountains, oceans, lakes, plains, hills, beaches
The crust of the Earth is made up of tectonic plates that cover the entire planet
The tectonic plates float on top of the second layer of the earth – the mantle

4. Not a solid and not really liquid it is highly viscous
The Mantle
Not a solid and not really liquid it is highly viscous
Think Silly Putty
84% of the Earth's mass, making it the thickest layer of the earth - 2900km thick
500 degrees Celsius at the crust and 4,000 degrees near the outer core. 
That means that the coolest part of the mantle is more than five times hotter than boiling water.  OUCH!

5. The Outer Core About 35% of the Earth's mass
4440 degrees to 6100 degrees Celsius: as hot as the sun!
Super heated liquid like molten lava
Mostly iron and nickel. These liquid metals are thought to influence the Earth's magnetic field. The magnetic field is thought to be responsible for protecting our atmosphere from getting blown away by the Sun's solar wind!

6. The Inner Core
Made up of the same metals as the outer core (iron and nickel)
Is as hot as the outer core…
But it is solid because of the pressure!
Think about it...the deeper you go into the center of the earth, the more stuff is going to be pressing in on you. In the case of the inner core, you have 81% of the Earth's mass pressing in on you!

7. Igneous rocks can also form from lava above earth’s crust.
Below earth’s surface are areas of melted rock called magma. When magma cools and hardens, igneous rocks form.
Igneous rocks can also form from lava above earth’s crust.
The texture of an igneous rock depends on how fast the magma cools to form the rock.
The slower it takes to cool the more mineral grains will form. If it cools quickly, the rock will have a smoother, glassy texture.
granite
obsidian
basalt

8. Igneous Rocks

9. Sedimentary
Rocks
These layers are made of tiny pieces called sediments.
Some sediments are formed from rocks or minerals.
Others are bits of plants, shells, or other hard materials.
Sedimentary rocks are formed from sediments that are pressed and cemented together.
It can take millions of years for sediments to become rocks!

10. metamorphic
Rocks
Changed Rocks - Originally igneous or sedimentary rocks
A metamorphic rock is a rock that is formed from other rocks by extreme heat and pressure.
granite
gneiss

11. Cycle
The Rock