1. @earthscience92

2. What is Energy? Energy – Is the ability to cause change – Many forms of energy – Two general forms of energy are Kinetic energy Potential energy I will be able to describe Energy and the two types of energy.

3. @earthscience92 What is Kinetic Energy? Kinetic Energy – Is the energy of an object that is due to motion – All moving objects have kinetic energy – All particles in matter are in constant motion The faster the particles move the more kinetic energy they have I will be able to describe Energy and the two types of energy.

4. @earthscience92 What is Kinetic Energy? Kinetic Energy – Depends on mass and speed. Increases as mass increases Increases as speed increases I will be able to describe Energy and the two types of energy.

5. @earthscience92 What is Potential Energy? Potential Energy – Energy an object has due to its position and condition. I will be able to describe Energy and the two types of energy.

6. @earthscience92 What is Potential Energy? Potential Energy – Examples: A ball held above the ground has potential energy because the force of gravity can pull it down. Stretching a rubber band increases its potential energy because of its condition. I will be able to describe Energy and the two types of energy.

7. @earthscience92 How do particles move? Solids – Held tightly together – Vibrate in place Liquids – Move more freely – Slide/tumble over each other. Gas – Particles far apart. – Move at high speeds – Collisions occur. I will be able to describe how particles of matter move in each state of matter.

8. @earthscience92 How does temperature relate to kinetic energy? Temperature – Measure of the average kinetic energy of all particles. – Absolute Zero Temperature at which the motion of particles stop. Not possible to reach it. I will be able to define and describe temperature, thermal energy and heat.

9. @earthscience92 How does temperature relate to kinetic energy? Temperature – Cooler Liquids Move Slower Lower Temperature – Warmer Liquids Move faster Higher Temperature – Example: Hot Iron Particles in the solid are vibrating very fast. Has a high average kinetic energy. I will be able to define and describe temperature, thermal energy and heat.

10. @earthscience92 How is Temperature Measured? Thermometer – An instrument used to measure temperature. – Units: Celsius ( ˚ C) Fahrenheit ( ˚ F) Kelvin I will be able to define and describe temperature, thermal energy and heat.

11. @earthscience92 What are the Temperature Scales?? Most commonly used I will be able to define and describe temperature, thermal energy and heat. Used mostly in the US Used by physics Kelvin not degrees Lowest temp = absolute zero

12. @earthscience92 What is Thermal Energy? Thermal Energy – Total kinetic energy of all particles in a substance. – SI System Unit J (joules) I will be able to define and describe temperature, thermal energy and heat.

13. @earthscience92 How is Thermal Energy different from Temperature? Difference? – Temperature = average kinetic energy. – Thermal Energy = total energy – Example: A lake and glass of water can have the same temperature. – A lake has more molecules so it has more thermal energy. I will be able to define and describe temperature, thermal energy and heat.

14. @earthscience92 How is Heat? Heat – Is the energy transferred from an object of a higher temperature to an object of a lower temperature. – Always flows from hot to cold. More energy to less – Three ways it is transferred I will be able to define and describe temperature, thermal energy and heat. Hot to Cold

15. @earthscience92 How is heat related to thermal energy? Heat / Thermal Energy – Heat is the energy involved when properties change. – Temperature and thermal energy are properties of a substance. – Adding or revolving heat with affect its: Temperature Thermal Energy I will be able to define and describe temperature, thermal energy and heat.

16. @earthscience92 How can heat affect the state of an matter? Heat / State of Matter – State of a substance depends on the speed of the particles. – Adding / removing heat can result in a change of state. – Example: Adding heat to ice cube changes it from a solid to a liquid I will be able to define and describe temperature, thermal energy and heat.

17. @earthscience92 How can heat be transferred? Energy Transfer Stations I will be able to compare and contrast the three types of energy transfers.

18. @earthscience92 How can heat be transferred? Radiation – Transfer of energy as heat by electromagnetic waves. Radio waves, microwaves, infrared waves visible light, ultraviolet waves. – Can travel through empty space. – Cannot see it, but feel it as heat (infrared) Sunlight Open Fire Living things I will be able to compare and contrast the three types of energy transfers.

19. @earthscience92 How can heat be transferred? Conduction – Transfer of energy as heat by direct contact. – Occurs when objects of different temperatures come in contact. Particles bump into each other transferring their energy. Continues until the temperatures are equal. – Can occur with a single object. Energy is transferred from the warmer part to the cooler part. I will be able to compare and contrast the three types of energy transfers.

20. @earthscience92 How can heat be transferred? Convection – Transfer of energy as heat by the movement of a liquid or gas. – In most substances, as temperature increases, density decreases. – Convection occurs when a cooler (denser) fluid (liquid or gas) replaces a warmer (less dense) mass of a fluid. Creates a convection current. I will be able to compare and contrast the three types of energy transfers.

21. @earthscience92 How a Convection Current Works? – Warmer Fluids Particles move faster. Particles spread out increasing volume Density becomes less dense, and fluid rises. I will be able to explain how convection transfers heat energy. – Cooler fluids Particles move slower Particles come together, decreasing volume. Density increases, fluid sinks.