1. Basics of Animal Classification

2. Symmetry  Three Types:  Radial-circular symmetry, can divide many times  Bilateral-known simply as being symmetric, can divide into 2  Asymmetric-no symmetry at all  Does not necessarily mean they match up perfectly

6. Outer Coverings  Different organisms have special outer coverings  Skin  Exoskeleton  Scales  Scutes  Feathers  Hair –outgrowth of protein, never stops  Fur-stops at a certain length  Shells  Cellulose  Bark

7. Scute (pronounced skyoot) – a bony external plate or scale overlaid with horn. Scutes on an alligator foot – also found on bird feet and on turtle shells.

11. Vertebrate  Bones in the spinal column  Examples: all fish, mammals, birds and reptiles  Examples of animals without vertebrate: jellyfish, starfish, sea urchins, bugs

13. https://www.youtube.com/wa tch?v=b-7lxvhr_Wg Watch a live mole dig his way to freedom

14. Appendages  An external body part  Legs  Wings  Arms  Fins  Claws  Pincers  Pedipalps  Tail

15. Pistol Shrimp  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eKPrGxB1Kzc http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eKPrGxB1Kzc

17. Pedipalps are the two appendages on the front of a spider's head.

18. Mobility SSessile: fixed in one place EExamples: barnacles, sponges, plants MMobile: movable, not fixed in place EExamples: birds, humans, bugs

19. Fastest movements in the animal kingdom https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zcWxAfl0okE

20. Six Kingdoms of Life

21. Six Kingdoms  Archaebacteria (Archaea)  Eubacteria (Monera)  Protista  Fungi  Plantae  Animalia

22. Archaebacteria  Oldest form of life  Singe cell organism (unicellular)  Found in extreme environments  Geysers  Hotsprings  Volcanic ocean vents  Have a cell wall, but no nucleus

24. Eubacteria  Second oldest form of life  Single cell organism (unicellular)  Examples of the most familiar bacteria:  Streptococcus  Lactobacillus  Staphylococcus  Have a cell wall, but no nucleus  Different cell wall then Archaea

26. Archaea Cell Wall  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lTvPb4shgVI http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lTvPb4shgVI

27. Protists  “Odds and Ends” kingdom  All microscopic organisms that are not plants, not animal, not bacteria, and not fungi.  Single cell organism (unicellular)  Some make their own food, and some don’t  Examples: Protozoa, Amoeba  Have nucleus

29. Introduction of Protists  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0-6dzU4gOJo http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0-6dzU4gOJo

30. Fungi  Most are multi-cellular organism  Examples: Mold, mildew, mushrooms  Important to ecosystems (decomposers and food)  Some cause diseases – ringworm, and athlete’s foot  Have a nucleus

32. Plants  Second largest kingdom  Multi-cellular organisms  Producers (make their own food)  Without plants life as we know it would not exist.  Have a cell wall and nucleus

34. Animals  Largest kingdom  Multi-cellular  Consumers – must eat for energy  Do not have a cell wall, but do have a nucleus

36. More Details on Animal Classes  Reptiles  Have scales, lay eggs, cannot produce their own body heat  Birds (Aves)  Have feathers (one of the top main features!)  Mammals  Have hair, nurse their young (produce milk)  Amphibians  Cannot produce their own body heat, have a permeable skin, usually land and water  Fish  Separated into 3 classes

37. So, like, how many kinds of living things are there?  http://anthro.palomar.edu/animal/ table_kingdoms.htm http://anthro.palomar.edu/animal/ table_kingdoms.htm

38. Basics of Plant Life

39. 1. Non-Vascular Plants FFirst to evolve VVery simple in structure compared to other plants RRequire water to reproduce EExamples: Green Algae, Liverwort, Mosses

41. 2. Seedless Vascular Plants  Have vascular tissues to transfer nutrients, water and food  Do not reproduce via seeds, but rather by spores  Examples: Horsetails, Clubmosses, Quillworts, Ferns

44. 3. Gymnosperms Plants  Means “naked seed”  Have exposed seeds, but no flowers  Examples: conifers, cycads, ginkgos

47. 4. Angiosperms Plants  Have evolved to have vascular tissue, seeds, and flowers  This flowering evolution is what sets them apart, gave an advantage because they can attract organisms to them with colorful displays and sweet smells to help them reproduce  Farming is dependent on angiosperms, which provide virtually all plant-based food  Examples: Creeping thistles, roses, crab apples

50. Seeds  Seeds carry the plant embryos (the baby plant) and a food supply for the plant  They are suited for adverse conditions, this means they can reproduce almost anywhere and anytime  Gymnosperms have male and female cones that fertilize each other  Angiosperms have flowers with male and female parts

51. Male and Female Pine Cones  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rEvD0N5xn1U http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rEvD0N5xn1U

53. DANGEROUS PLANTS  http://www.youtube.co m/watch?v=Xtpml- 0LaG0 http://www.youtube.co m/watch?v=Xtpml- 0LaG0