1. EARLY EXPLORERS TO NORTH AMERICA

2. Early Explorers  Leif Ericson, 10 th century  Columbus, 1492  Cabot, 1497  Cartier, 1534-41  Frobisher, 1576  Hudson, 1610  Champlain, 1605, 1608 & 1642  Cook, 1778 Henry Hudson John Cabot *Vikings may not be exactly as they appear

3. Jacques Cartier  1534, convinced French monarch to fund expedition  Entered through Gulf of St. Lawrence, placed cross on what is now Gaspe Peninsula, claiming land  Came into contact with FN Haudenosaunee (Iroquois) leader Donnacona Took Donnacona’s 2 sons to France to become translators

4. Cartier  After reporting natural resources, allowed a second mission where Donnacona saved men from scurvy  Smallpox led to poor relationship  Capture of 2 sons and 7 others  Haudenosaunee attacks, scurvy, poor crops = return to France  Charted much of Gulf of St. Lawrence, which became main entry point for French

5. Death and re-birth of exploration  French Civil War; 50 year break from expeditions  When war finished, France needed resources for wealth  Natural riches of NA (esp. beaver) = JACKPOT!  Company founded, given monopoly in Acadia Present-day Nova Scotia and New Brunswick

6. Samuel de Champlain  Geographer and cartographer came on de Monts’ expedition  1605 – Port Royal colony (present day NS)  Order of Good Cheer  Trade monopoly revoked 1607, abandonment  1608 – Quebec  Formerly Stadacona  1642 – Ville-Marie  Formerly Hochelaga  Later called Montreal