1. Area/Density/Edge Metrics Patch radius of gyration – measure of avg distance organism can move within a patch before patch bnd(extent) Correlation length (Area-weighted mean radius of gyration) –class or landscape level; each patch weighted by A. Physical connectedness Largest patch index (LPI) – % landscape comprised of single largest patch (class or landscape level)

2. Shape Metrics Shape index Measures the complexity of patch shape; compare to std shape (square) of same size P:A dependency resolved P (patch) / P (square)

3. Core Area Metrics Core area Shape effect – inverse Area effect - positive Edge depth effect – inverse -Confounding effects Advantage = integrative Disadvantage = confounds

4. Aggregation Metrics

6. Connectivity Metrics –Connectivity (  -index of nodes and linkages; range 0 to 1) where: L = number of links in the network V = number of nodes in the network

7. Point Pattern Analysis Kernel estimators