2. Male Reproductive Tract

4. Testes - male gonad located externally in scrotum except in birds produce sperm produce male hormone - testosterone

5. Scrotum thermal regulatory organ temperature control necessary for sperm production cannot occur at body temperature

6. Scrotum heat can cause infertility spermatogenesis - maturation of sperm cells - takes about 50 days

7. Epididymis 3 portions caput - head corpora - body cauda - tail ****diagram

8. Epididymis 10 - 15 days for the sperm cells to pass through the epididymis Functions - maturation of sperm cells storage of sperm cells

9. Vas Deferens passageway for sperm cells

10. Accessory Glands Seminal Vesicles Prostate Gland Cowper’s gland

11. Accessory Glands Provide 95-98% of total ejaculate volume

12. Seminal Vesicles secrete fructose - energy source for sperm 40-80% of ejaculate volume

13. Prostate Gland secretes enzymes 15-30 % of ejaculate volume

14. Cowper’s Gland cleanse and neutralize urethra keep sperm from dying

15. Urethra passageway for semen carries semen to the end of the penis

16. Retractor Muscle retracts penis pulls the penis back within the sheath

17. Sigmoid Flexor extends penis from the sheath

18. Penis deposits semen in the female reproductive tract

19. Sheath encloses the penis not present in primates Must be kept clean

20. Hormones testosterone functions stimulate spermatogenesis maturation of sperm cells

21. Hormone functions development of accessory sex glands Libido - sex drive builds muscle Responsible for male characteristics