1. Renaissance Art in the 1400 – 1600

2. Read Chapter 8 The Renaissance Spirit in Italy

3. Overview Italian/Early 1400-1490 Italian/High 1500-1600 Northern/Late 1500-1600 one can argue about dates: 1300 – 1520 1400 – 1600

4. map

6. Renaissance 1 st period to name itself and say nasty things about earlier times: “Gothic” & “Dark Ages” Term means “Rebirth” Looking back to Classical culture – Ancient Greece and Rome Names! Artists known by name – 1 st contemporary art historian (1550); Individuality celebrated in this era

7. Renaissance Church is still the biggest power structure Beginning of banking Private fortunes & power – The Medici Starts in Italy – specifically Florence

8. Man loves himself once again The Return of Humanism

9. Filippino Lippi Florentine, 1457 - 1504 Portrait of a Youth, c. 1485 oil and tempera on panel, 52.1 x 36.5 cm (20 1/2 x 14 3/8 in.)

10. ... I feel that I have come to some understanding of why man is the most fortunate of living things and, consequently, deserving of all admiration; of what may be the condition in the hierarchy of beings assigned to him, which draws upon him the envy, not of the brutes alone, but of the astral beings and of the very intelligences which dwell beyond the confines of the world. from Pico della Mirandola's Oration on the Dignity of Man (1486) see also p. 189

11. Donatello, David, 1432 p. 203

12. Donatello, David, 1432 Tuscan hat p. 203

14. Style of helmet & art symbolic reference to other Italian city-states Love of texture Donatello,David, 1432 Goliath’s head detail

15. Donatello, David, 1432 1 st free-standing, life size nude sculpture since antiquity! contrapposto; but not just an imitation of past models for private collection David = underdog = Florence Goliath = giant = Milan & other central Italian cities in league against Florence

16. Donatello, David, 1432 Inscription: “The victor is whoever defends the fatherland. God crushes the wrath of an enormous foe. Behold - a boy overcame a great tyrant! Conquer, O citizens! Kingdoms fall through luxury, cities rise through virtues. Behold the neck of pride, severed by the hand of humility.” p. 203

17. An earlier Donatello David (c.1410)

18. Florence Cathedral Brunelleschi dome p. 193-197 CONFIDENCE REDISCOVERED!

19. NOT the way it was done...

20. Florence Cathedral Brunelleschi dome

21. Tower designed by Giotto, 1334

22. View of Duomo from Pitti Palace (across the river)

23. View from the Duomo Uffizzi Pitti Palace

24. Pazzi Chapel Post & lintel returns; GEOMETRY Brunelleschi p. 197

25. Pazzi Chapel p. 197

26. Pitti Palace

28. Alberti (façade architect), Santa Maria Novella, Florence, 1470 By the numbers: 2:1 3:1 4:1 not in text

29. p. 202

30. Masaccio Trinity 1427-28 Fresco 21' 10 1/2" x 10' 4 Santa Maria Novella, Florence 1 st use of linear perspective p. 198

31. Masaccio, Tribute Money, c. 1427 p. 199

32. Tribute Money, detail Note use of chiaroscuro (light and dark shading) to create volume in the clothes.

33. Ghiberti, Lorenzo The Gates of Paradise 1425-52 Bronze with gilding p. 195-196

34. Ghiberti, Lorenzo The Gates of Paradise 1425-52 Bronze with gilding p. 195- 196

35. Ghiberti, Lorenzo The Gates of Paradise 1425-52 Bronze with gilding

37. Ghiberti, Lorenzo Detail from the Gates of Paradise The story of Joseph 1425-52 Bronze with gilding 80 x 80 cm Baptistery, Florence not in text

38. BOTTICELLI, Sandro The birth of Venus c. 1485, Tempera on canvas (67 7/8 x 109 5/8 in.) NOT IN TEXT

39. p. 199 BOTTICELLI, Sandro Primavera c. 1482. Tempera on wood 203 x 314 cm

41. BOTTICELLI, Sandro Venus and Mars c. 1485. Egg tempera and oil on poplar 69 x 173.5 cm not in text NOT BIBLICAL!

42. KEY IMAGE PERIOD: PLACE: ARTIST: TITLE: DATE: IDEA: p. 203 Early Renaissance Florence Donatello David 1432 HUMANISM

43. KEY IMAGE PERIOD: ARTIST: TITLE: IDEA: p. 199 Renaissance Botticelli La Primavera (Birth of Spring) Pre-Christian imagery (neo-Platonism)

44. KEY IMAGE p. 197 PERIOD: ARTIST: TITLE: IDEA: Renaissance Brunelleschi Pazzi Chapel Geometric proportions

45. Summary – Italian Renaissance POLITICS – Italian city-states; power from money EARLY RENAISSANCE – Florence HIGH RENAISSANCE – ART – Classical ideals revived IDEAS – Humanism returns MUSIC –