1. WWI: FOUR CAUSES

2. FOUR CAUSES TO WWI A.Imperialism B.Militarism C.Nationalism D.Alliances

3. IMPERIALISM Imperialism: having to do with empires

4. IMPERIALISM Connected to industrialization How? Russian Empire The notion of pan-slavism Encouraging Slav nationalism Especially important (geographically): the Balkans Austria-Hungary (Hapsburg) Empire Threatened by pan-slavism In order to survive as an empire is had to suppress the Serbs

5. IMPERIALISM Germany Made a political decision in the early 1910s to acquire more colonies Conflict with French and England in Africa Context: the retreat of the Ottoman Empire Who would rule and administer these Balkan states?

6. MILITARISM Militarism: the policy of making a country’s armed forces very strong and allowing a political situation in which military interests dominate government policy. Reserve militias: civilians aged 18-60 trained and ready to fight Germany, Britain, France, Russia, Italy British Navy  The two-power standard  Germany wanted to have a strong navy as well so this was a point of conflict and started an arms race

7. NATIONALISM Two types Nationalism connected to an established nation state What we might call patriotism Nationalism based on ethnicity The second type is the type that promoted Slavic nationalism in the Hapsburg Empire The first type (along with militarism) is what caused people to be willing to go to war to promote the interests of their homeland

8. NATIONALISM The Black Hand A group of nationalist Bosnian Serbs that wanted to free Bosnia from Austria-Hungary and join with Serbia Serbia at this time was interested in creating a “Greater Serbia” that would encompass the Balkan region This would later be accomplished – to a degree – in Yugoslavia

9. ALLIANCES Alliances: a close association of nations for the achievement of common objectives with the expectation of joint military protection. Triple Alliance AKA the Central Powers Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy Formally agreed to protect each other if attacked

10. ALLIANCES Alliances: a close association of nations for the achievement of common objectives with the expectation of joint military protection. Triple Entente AKA the Allied Powers Less formal alliance between France, Russia, and Britain France and Russia had a formal defensive alliance