1. Types of Speeches, Persuasive Techniques, and Rhetorical Devices
Defining Speeches
Types of Speeches, Persuasive Techniques, and Rhetorical Devices

2. A speech is a nonfiction work that is delivered orally to an audience
A speech is a nonfiction work that is delivered orally to an audience. Some speeches are composed in writing before they are spoken aloud. Others are composed less formally as they are being presented, usually with notes as a guide. What’s a famous speech you’re familiar with?
What is a speech?

3. Political speech: focuses on an issue relating to government or politics, usually the speaker tries to persuade people to think or act in a certain way
Address: formal speech that is prepared for a special occasion
Sermon: a speech that is usually based on a scriptural text and is intended to provide religious instruction
Types of Speeches

4. Persuasion is speech or writing that tries to get the audience to think or act in a certain way. Persuasive techniques are the methods that a speaker or writer uses to sway an audience.
What is persuasion?

5. Persuasive Techniques
Logical appeal: builds a well-reasoned argument based on evidence, such as facts, statistics, or expert testimony
Emotional appeal: attempts to arouse the audience’s feelings, often using loaded words that convey strong connotations
Ethical appeal: directed at the audience’s sense of morality or values
Persuasive Techniques

6. What is a rhetorical device?
A rhetorical device is a pattern of word or ideas that create emphasis and stir the audience’s emotions.
What is a rhetorical device?

7. Rhetorical Devices Repetition: restating an idea using the same words
Example: “This war is inevitable—and let it come! I repeat it, sir, let it come!”
Restatement: expressing the same idea using different words
Example: “…we cannot dedicate—we cannot consecrate—we cannot hallow—this ground.”
Rhetorical Devices

8. Parallelism: repeating a grammatical structure
Example: “With malice toward none; with charity for all…”
Antithesis: using strongly contrasting words, images, or ideas
Example: “…ask not what your country can do for you—ask what you can do for your country”
Rhetorical Question: asking questions for effect, not to get answers
Example: “From such an assembly can a perfect production be expected?”