2. Let’s Review Africa Geography Ancient History Middle History Modern History People to Know Vocab to Know

3. Geography 3 types of land = desert, rainforest, veld (grassland) Desertification = growth of desert from overuse– no fix Lots of lakes & rivers = most of no use for travel or trade b/c of waterfalls & drought Nile River = longest in world, flows S to N, good for trade Sahara desert = largest in Africa, bigger than U.S.A. Diverse land = disunity of people, lots of tribes develop

4. Ancient History We all started in Africa = Oldovi Gorge Great Kingdoms = Ghana, Mali, Songhai, gold for salt trade – silent, trans-saharan, Arabs, Bantu middlemen Mansa Musa = famous Muslim king of Mali, makes all Muslim, goes to Mecca Traditional beliefs = Animism, masks, music, dance, no written history, no rights for women, don’t like change Tribe = basic political unit, 1000’s of them, can belong to more than 1, fights Dowry = gifts a wife’s family must give at the wedding

5. Middle History Slave trade = 1492 – 1800’s, imported labor force Scramble for Africa = Europeans take over b/c of greed, industry, resources, etc. Imperial powers control the social, economic and political lives of the people = ‘White Man’s Burden’ takes place, make ‘em civilized! Problems will result because of this control, too many to list No more ‘Dark Continent’

6. Modern History After WWII = lots of Independence movements, but most end up ugly with no stable govt.’s, lots of civil wars, many continue today Lots of Nationalist leaders = Jomo Kenyatta Apartheid ends in South Africa, but problems still exist between races Mandela is the man = Nobel Peace Prize winner Every world problem exists here = famine, overpopulation, AIDS, Tribal wars, etc. Countries struggle to get international investors to help boost their economies

7. kenya

8. 1953: Although he was sentenced to seven years in prison for his part in the organization of the rebel Mau Mau movement, he was never a member of the Mau Mau and his trial is generally regarded by historians to have been rigged by the British. 1959: Released from jail but under house arrest. 1960 - State of emergency ends. Britain announces plans to prepare Kenya for majority African rule. Kenya African National Union (Kanu) formed. 1963: Took control as the first prime minister of a self-governing Kenya. 1964: Kenya broke its last ties with Britain and became a Republic within the Commonwealth with Kenyatta as its president. Series of Military Coups in 1960... But British Left colonies in better shape/prepared (more of indirect rule) for independence than most Europeans so still doing better than most post colonies. Jomo Kenyatta

10. Vocab & People to Know Desertification, famine, AIDS Boers (Dutch settlers) Pan-Africanism ANC (African National Congress) Tribalism Mandela, F.W. de Clerk Mansa Musa Hallie Sellassie Indirect vs. Direct Rule Gold for Salt Trade Aparthied Imperialism, Scramble Traditional, Traditional, Traditional!