1. Do Now – p. 138 Read the brief introduction on your Do Now slip and then answer the questions below Paste and Answer

2. Today’s Objectives What is the state of grassroots movements in the world today? What are some of the important grassroots movements and protests that occurred during 2011? Why did Time Magazine name the protester the Person of the Year?

3. In 1948, South Africa officially began apartheid – System that racially segregated all aspects of society Resistance to apartheid was organized by a group called the African National Congress (ANC) The government squashed opposition to apartheid and in 1964 imprisoned ANC leaders including Nelson Mandela Under the Bantu Education Act (1974), schools were designed to train blacks to serve whites – It also forced teachers to speak only in Afrikaans – the language spoken by the whites Students in Soweto protested and despite violence from the government, the movement spread across the country In 1991, apartheid finally came to an end and Mandela became South Africa’s first black president Notes from Yesterday Notes p. 137

4. Protest Stations Activity Travel around to each of the four stations – The Protest Network – Picture Gallery – Protest Technology Reading Use the documents at each station to answer the questions on your worksheet

5. If you finish early… Continue to work on your unit project You know have five different grassroots movements from which to choose Birmingham - 1963Burma - 1988China - 1989 Iran - 1999South Africa - 1976

6. In 2011 there were major protests around the world – From Occupy Wall Street in New York to pro-democracy rallies in China Many of the most notable protests were in the Middle East where a revolutionary wave of demonstrations became known as the “Arab Spring” – In most cases protesters opposed the dictators in power – “Arab Spring” involved nearly 20 countries including Tunisia, Egypt, Libya, Syria, and Yemen Technology played an important role in these protests Messages and instructions were spread using Twitter, Facebook and other social media Notes p. 139 The Year of the Protester

7. Reflection – p. 138 All of the movements we have looked at so far have been large and most have met violence but it doesn’t always have to be that way. What is one problem that you would like to see addressed in the city of Boston and what steps would you take to make sure it happened? Copy and answer only the last question!!!