1. Title:
Scientific Method

2. Scientific Method Notes
A process used by scientists to complete experiments

3. Scientific Method C-Notes
The question that you the scientist plan to answer. You want to solve this problem
Step 1: Problem

4. Scientific Method C-Notes
An educated guess or explanation that answers the question in the problem
Step 2: Hypothesis

5. Hypothesis
At the first time that the first humans landed on the moon, several areas of the United States had heavy rains. Some people said that rain was caused by the moon landing…
Is this a valid hypothesis?

6. Scientific Method C-Notes
The items you need to do your experiment. Includes lab and safety equipment.
Step 3: Materials

7. Scientific Method C-Notes
The process or steps you will take during your experiment.
Step 4: Procedure
Step 1……..
Step 2…….
Step 3…….

8. Scientific Method C-Notes
The information you will gather during your experiment.
Step 5: Data

9. Scientific Method C-Notes
Analyze Data
Summarize Data
Determine if your hypothesis should be accepted or rejected.
Step 6: Conclusion

10. Conclusion
·        Be sure to include how the data supports or refutes the hypothesis
·        Analyze the Data --- No lists

11. Scientific Method C-Notes
The things in your experiment that never change.
Constant

12. Constants
In the penny lab, what were some things that were constants? Things that didn’t change at all during the experiment?

13. Scientific Method C-Notes
The sample in your experiment you are comparing other samples to.
Control
If we did another lab with different types of coins, your penny might be your control. You might want to know how many drops of water coins can hold compared to a penny.

14. Scientific Method C-Notes
The things in your experiment that change.
Variables

15. Variables
In the penny lab, what were some variables? Things that changed or were different in the lab.

16. Variables The number of drops the penny held
The person dropping the water
The height you dropped the water from
The type of eye dropper you used

17. Remembering types of variables: DRY MIX
D – ependent
R – ecord/respond
Y – axis
M –anipulate (manos)
I –ndepent (I change)
X - axis

18. Variables
The thing that I change in the experiment. What did I make different?
Independent
Variables

19. Variables
What am I recording or writing down, what is changing by itself during the experiment.
Dependent
Variables

20. A group of college students were given a short course in speed-reading
A group of college students were given a short course in speed-reading. The instructor was curious if a monetary incentive would influence performance on a reading test taken at the end of the course.  Half the students were offered $5 for obtaining a certain level of performance on the test, the other half were not offered money.   
What is the independent variable?
What is the dependent variable?

21. Variables During the penny lab John and Daviyance
found that there penny held 25 drops the first time, 35 the second time, and 30 the third time. They took turns dropping water onto the penny, and each one used a different type of pipette.
What are some independent variables?
What is the dependent variable?

22. A social psychologist thinks that people are more likely to conform to a large crowd than to a single person.  To test this hypothesis, the social psychologist had either one person or five persons stand on a busy walking path on campus and look up.  The psychologist stood nearby and counted the number of people passing by who also looked up.
What is the independent variable?
What is the dependent variable?

25. Exit Slip Quiz
Example 1
A researcher is studying the effect of sleep on aggression, thinking that less sleep will lead to more aggression. She has some people sleep 6 hours per night, some people sleep 3 hours per night and some people sleep as much as they want. She then monitors aggressive behavior during basketball games among participants.
What is the independent variable?
What is the dependent variable?

26. Example 2
A researcher is curious to find out what effect classical music has on people’s level of relaxation (as measured by heart rate). He suspects that listening to classical music will make people feel more calm and relaxed. He lets one group listen to classical music for one hour. He lets another group sit in a quiet room for one hour (i.e they hear no music). After one hour, he monitors the heart rate of each participant to measure their level of relaxation.
What is the Independent Variable?
What is the Dependent Variable?

27. Example 3
A researcher conducts an experiment to assess the effects of alcohol on people's sense of balance. He divides his subjects into three groups: in one group the participants drink one ounce of alcohol, in another they drink two ounces of alcohol and in a third group the participants drink soda. He then watches as each participant tries to walk on a straight line from one corner of the room to the next and notes how many times they stumble outside the line.
What is the Independent Variable?
What is the Dependent Variable?