1. Trust-Buster, Rough Rider & Teddy Bear Theodore Roosevelt 1901-1909: Republican 26th President of the United States of America

2. Brief Biography before Presidency October 27, 1858: born in New York, New York 1876-1880: attends Harvard University; graduates May 15 - Sept. 16, 1898: serves with First US Volunteer Cavalry Regiment, the “Rough Riders” during Spanish- American War January 1, 1899 - December 31, 1900: Governor of New York March 4 - September 14, 1901: Vice President of the United States 1906: awarded Nobel Peace Prize for helping to negotiate end to Russo-Japanese War

4. Inherits the Presidency September 5, 1901: President William McKinley assassinated at the World’s Fair in Buffalo, New York ▫Leon Czolgosz (Zole-gosh)  anarchist  outcast

5. View of the Presidency strong central executive active presidency initiative for policy making use position of leadership to speak out on issues of the day

6. Square Deal (1) 3 C’s ▫Control of Corporations ▫Consumer Protection ▫Conservation of Natural Resources set precedents ▫social reform

7. Square Deal (2) wanted a “Square Deal” for both management and labor ▫accepted monopolies ▫thought business benefitted America ▫went after monopolies that paid low wages, eliminated competition, or extorted high prices by creating shortages

8. Issues of the Day (1) 1. America’s emergence as a world power ▫“speak softly and carry a big stick” ▫increased size of U.S. Navy  cruise of the “Great White Fleet” ▫“Roosevelt Corollary” to the Monroe Doctrine  United States to keep peace in Latin America

10. Issues of the Day (2) 2. “trust-busting” ▫governmental control of business  break up the huge business conglomerates that dominated America’s economy  weird cartoons.... Hysteria! weird cartoons.... Hysteria!  strengthened the Interstate Commerce Commission  regulate business ▫first attacks railroads ▫sides with Coal Strikers (1902) ▫44 indictments to Supreme Court

11. Issues of the Day (3) Pure Food and Drug Act (1906) ▫established the Food and Drug Administration ▫prohibited companies from mislabeling food, drugs, or alcohol ▫required pharmaceutical companies to identify contents on the label ▫caused by public outcry against patent medicine industry published in Samuel Hopkins Adams’ The Great American Fraud Meat Inspection Act (1906) ▫enforced sanitary conditions and inspection of slaughterhouses ▫caused by public uproar from Upton Sinclair’s The Jungle

12. Issues of the Day (4) 3. conservation ▫industry had ravished forests, coal deposits, oil fields, etc. ▫increased settlement in the west necessitated preservation of the wilderness  represented the natural heritage of the United States  protect natural resources ▫set aside nearly 125 million acres of western land as national forests  early stages of National Parks

13. Legacy shifted balance of power from Congress to the presidency ▫Congress in control since Andrew Johnson foreign policy brought America out of 19th century isolationism