1. Spread of Diseases Essential Question: How do microbes affect the spread of diseases?

2. Vocabulary Spread Epidemic Pandemic Vector Carrier Infectious Non-infectious

3. Concept How diseases are spread

4. Spread Person to person; animal to person. Through the air – coughing/sneezing; body contact; money; food/drink; cuts in skin.

5. Epidemic A widespread outbreak of infectious disease over a whole region. Examples: – 2009 H1N1 Flu epidemic – 1300’s Black Death/Bubonic Plague

6. Pandemic A worldwide outbreak of infectious disease/ affects many continents. Usually world-wide travel. Examples: – 1918 Influenza Pandemic (World War I).

7. Epidemic & Pandemics: Treatment – NONE – they are caused by virus. Usually end when people die or get better. Prevention – sanitation, quarantine of infected people.

8. Vectors Animals/insects that transmit diseases to humans through bodily contact. Examples: – Mosquitoes & West Nile Virus – Ticks & Lyme disease – Fleas & Bubonic plague

9. Carriers An infected person that does NOT show any signs or symptoms of the disease, yet they can spread it to other people. Example: – Typhoid Mary

10. Infectious Diseases Communicable; Contagious. Caused by: pathogens that can be spread to other people. Examples: Common cold, Flu, Strep throat, Athlete’s foot.

11. Non-Infectious Diseases Genetic/DNA. Can NOT be spread/transmitted to other people. Can only be passed down from parents to children genetically. Examples: Cystic fibrosis, Sickle cell anemia, diabetes, cancer.

12. Reducing Diseases: Vaccines & Antibiotics!!! Safe handling of food – prevents food contamination. – The presence of microbes in food that cause disease. Hygiene – washing hands, surfaces, and foods. Antimicrobial products – kill microbes before they can enter the body.