1. BTEC NC Sport & Exercise Sciences
Unit 7
Anatomy for Sport & Exercise

2. Movement Patterns Why is it important to have a system?
To establish a global standard for communication
To allow interpretation of analysis
Reduces errors within Sports Science team communication
Increases Coach – Athlete understanding

3. The Anatomical Position
Anatomical Reference Position
erect standing position
feet slightly separated
arms
hanging relaxed at the sides
palms of hands facing forward

4. Planes of Movement
FRONTAL (or coronal) separates the body into Anterior and Posterior parts
HORIZONTAL (or transverse) separates the body into Superior and Inferior parts
SAGITTAL separates the body into Left & Right halves

5. Axes of Movement FRONTAL; AXIS VERTICAL AXIS Perpendicular to ground.
SAGITTAL AXIS
Runs from front to back.
FRONTAL; AXIS
Perpendicular to the Vertical axis; runs from left to right.

6. Movement Patterns INVESTIGATE: Abduction v Adduction
Extension v Flexion
Horizontal Flexion v Horizontal Extension
Elevation v Depression
Supination v Pronation
Dorsiflexion v Plantarflexion
Eversion v Inversion
Rotation & Circumduction

7. Movement Actions PRIME MOVER or AGONIST
Provides desired joint movement.
SYNERGISTS (Neutralisers)
Assist the Prime Mover.
FIXATOR
Prevents undesired joint movement at origin of Prime Mover
SUPPORTER
Act against pull of gravity
ANTAGONIST
Opposing and contrasting muscle to Agonist

8. Types of Contraction Concentric Contraction Eccentric Contraction
Shortening of the muscle
Eccentric Contraction
Lengthening of the muscle – during contraction!
Isotonic Contraction
Equal tension in the muscle throughout action
Isokinetic Contraction
Equal Speed throughout the movement
Isometric Contraction
Static position despite contraction

9. REFERENCES Web Site