1. March 29, 2010 Subway Attack and March 31, 2010 Attack in Dagestan Kaitlyn Randol April 29, 2010

2.  March 31, Monday morning: two women suicide bombers detonated explosives in two landmark subway stations killing at least 38 people and wounding many more

3.  Two days after the bombings in Moscow, a second attack was carried out in Dagestan (Southern Russia) killing 12 people

4. Taking responsibility for the attacks is former Chechen separatist and radical Muslim, Doku Umarov and his supporters “You Russians hear about the war on television and the radio, I promise you the war will come to your streets, and you will feel it in your own lives and on your own skin.” – Umarov said in a video made hours after the subway blasts.

5. Kydd and Walter: The Strategies of Terrorism GOALS OF TERRORISM:  Regime Change  Territorial Change  Social Control TERRORISM STRATEGIES:  Attrition  Provocation  Spoiling

6. “Mr. Umarov announced an ideological sea change, declaring himself the emir of the Caucasus Emirate, which aimed to establish a Shariah-based state independent of Russia.” (2007) REGIME CHANGE:  These bombings led by Umarov are only the latest attacks in a long history of violence in the battle for independence TERRITORIAL CHANGE:  Tied into regime change; desire complete independence from Russia SOCIAL CONTROL:  Aim to establish Shariah law

7. ATTRITION:  “The subway system in Moscow is one of the world’s most extensive and well managed, and the bombings on Monday spread anxiety that is unlikely to dissipate for some time.”  “The attacks during the morning rush hour seemed all but designed to taunt the security services… The first [bombing] occurred at the Lubyanka subway station, next to the headquarters of the Federal Security Service.” PROVOCATION:  “Some experts argue that the militant underground in the Caucasus has become so dispersed in recent years that neither Mr. Umarov nor anyone else could emerge as its leader.”  “These Moscow attacks are significant precisely because they assert that people should pay attention to [Umarov]

8. SPOLING:  “The public has become more skeptical about the government in general in recent months, due to the government’s limited ability to tackle the effects of the economic crisis, to the inefficiency and misbehavior of the police, and other issues… These terrorist attacks might be another piece in the efforts of those who want to go after the government

9. Levy, Clifford J. “Moscow Attack a Test for Putin and His Record Against Terror.” New York Times. March 29, 2010. http://www.nytimes.com/2010/03/30/world/europe/30moscow.ht ml?scp=1&sq=moscow%20attack%20a%20test&st=cse http://www.nytimes.com/2010/03/30/world/europe/30moscow.ht ml?scp=1&sq=moscow%20attack%20a%20test&st=cse Barry, Ellen. “Chechen Rebel Says He Planned Attacks.” New York Times. March 31, 2010. http://www.nytimes.com/2010/04/01/world/europe/01dagestan.ht ml?scp=1&sq=chechen%20rebel%20says&st=cse http://www.nytimes.com/2010/04/01/world/europe/01dagestan.ht ml?scp=1&sq=chechen%20rebel%20says&st=cse Schwirtz, Michael. “Bombings Kill Policemen in Russia.” New York Times. April 5, 2010 http://www.nytimes.com/2010/04/06/world/europe/06russia.html? scp=1&sq=bombers%20kill%20policemen&st=cse http://www.nytimes.com/2010/04/06/world/europe/06russia.html? scp=1&sq=bombers%20kill%20policemen&st=cse