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NOMENCLATURE GRADE 10 SCIENCE SNC2D1
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Elements We will consider that most elements exist as atoms - therefore the formula will simply show the symbol for the element: ironFe carbonC zincZn
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Elements (The Special Ones) We will consider seven special elements referred to as “diatomic elements” - they normally exist as diatomic molecules so you will write the formula of the element showing a diatomic molecule. oxygenO 2 nitrogenN 2 (Memory aid - HOBrFINCl)
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Ionic Bonding To achieve a stable electron arrangement, sodium gives up one electron (valence of 1), chlorine takes one electron (valence of 1) The resulting formula for sodium chloride is NaCl
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Ionic Bonding To achieve a stable electron arrangement, magnesium gives up two electrons (valence of 2), chlorine takes one electron (valence of 1) Resulting formula for magnesium chloride is MgCl 2
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Writing Formulae (A Simpler Approach) Write the symbols with the valence shown as a superscript. Cross the valences to determine the formula.
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Writing Formulae (A Variation) Write the symbols with the valence shown as a superscript. After crossing the valences reduce any common multiples from the valences.
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Naming Ionic Binary Compounds (A Simple Job... so far) Write the name of the metalic element first. Write the name of the non-metalic element next, changing the end of the name to “... ide”. AlCl 3 aluminum chloride Li 2 O lithium oxide ZnS zinc sulphide
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Binary Acids Binary acids contain hydrogen and one other element in a compound that has been dissolved in water. Names start with “hydro...”; they end with “…. ic”. The formula for a binary acid looks like the formula for an ionic compound with the designation (aq) written after the formula. hydrochloric acidHCl(aq) hydrosulphuric acidH 2 S (aq)
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Binary Acids hydrobromic acid HBr (aq) hydroselenic acid H 2 Se (aq) H 3 P (aq) hydrophosphoric acid HI (aq) hydroiodic acid
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Your Turn !!!! You are now in a position to work on the first nomenclature practice page.
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