1. DEAR Expectations Grab a book Sit down Read silently Reminder: All Renaissance projects are due by Friday. If you did not finish them in class last week, you are expected to finish on your own time. Directions can be found on my wikipage: www.msfarrior.cmswiki.wikispaces.net

2. Warm Up 1.What is humanism? 2.Why did the Renaissance begin in Italy? 3.What two civilizations did the Renaissance ideas originate from? 4.How were the Renaissance and the Reformation similar? 5.Renaissance was the rebirth of what?

3. THE AGE OF EXPLORATION

4. Essential Question: What factors motivated the European Age of Exploration?

5. East Indies = land and islands southeast of India East Indies Portugal Spain England

6. Competition Italy and the Muslim Turks had control over trade routes through the Mediterranean Sea and the land routes. Western Europeans had to compete with Italians and Turks for trade.

7. It was not safe to travel through Muslim lands, so Europeans needed to find water routes. East Indies Portugal Spain England

8. WHY did Europeans want to explore? - Europeans wanted silk and spices from China and the East Indies - What else?

9. THE 3 G’s GOLD GLORY GOD

10. GOLD (MONEY) A desire for new sources of wealth was the main reason for European exploration The Crusades and the Renaissance stimulated European desires for exotic Asian luxury goods Merchants began looking for quick, direct trade routes to Asia to avoid dealing with Muslim and Italian merchants and increase profits

11. GLORY The Renaissance inspired new possibilities for power and prestige Exploration presented Europeans the opportunity to rise from poverty and gain fame, fortune, and status Kings who sponsored voyages of exploration gained overseas colonies: lands that were sources of wealth for their nation and increased power

12. GOD European Christians, especially Catholics, wanted to stop the spread of Islam and convert non-Christians to Christianity Explorers were encouraged to spread Christianity or bring missionaries who would focus only on conversions

13. which of the three G’s motivated Fat Joe and Lil’ Wayne?

14. Which of the three G’s motivated the Dallas Mavericks in 2011?

15. Which of the three G’s motivated the 9/11 terrorist attacks?

16. Which of the 3 G’s motivated NASA’s Apollo program?

17. CHOOSE YOUR OWN ADVENTURE: What is going to be your motivation for exploration?

18. The Age of Exploration THE MEANS THE MEANS: HOW were explorers able to sail so far and make it back again? Before the Renaissance, sailors did not have the technology to sail very far from Europe and return

19. NAVIGATION and MAPS Trade and cultural diffusion during the Renaissance introduced new navigation techniques to Europeans Magnetic compass made sailing more accurate Astrolabe used stars to show direction Maps were more accurate and used latitude and longitude

20. European shipbuilders built better ships; the caravel was a strong ship that could travel in the open seas and in shallow water Caravels had triangular and sloped sails that allowed ships to sail against the wind A moveable rudder made the caravel more maneuverable Cannons and rifles gave ships protection

21. NEXT… THE EUROPEAN EXPLORERS

22. EUROPEAN EXPLORERS

23. The Age of Exploration Who were the explorers? Where did they go? How did they change world history?

24. EUROPEAN EXPLORATION PART A: PORTUGAL

25. Portugal was the early leader in the Age of Exploration

26. In Portugal, Prince Henry the Navigator started a school of navigation to train sailors He brought in Europe’s best map-makers, ship- builders, and sailing instructors He wanted to discover new territories, find a quick trade route to Asia and expand Portugal’s power

27. Prince Henry’s navigation school and willingness to fund voyages led the Portuguese to be the FIRST to explore the west coast of Africa

28. Vasco da Gama Vasco da Gama was the first explorer to find a direct trade route to Asia by going around Africa to get to India

29. Portugal gained a sea route to Asia that brought them great wealth

30. During the Age of Exploration, Portugal created colonies along the African coast, in Brazil, and the Spice Islands in Asia

31. EUROPEAN EXPLORATION PART B: SPAIN

32. The Spanish government saw Portugal’s wealth and did not want to be left out

33. More than any other European monarchs, Ferdinand and Isabella of Spain sponsored and supported overseas expeditions

34. Like most educated men of the Renaissance, Christopher Columbus knew the world was round and thought he could reach Asia by sailing west

35. Columbus reached the Bahamas in America, but thought that he had reached islands off the coast of India

36. He would make four more trips to the New World, increasing Spain’s control

37. Despite the fact that Columbus never found Asia, Ferdinand Magellan still thought he could reach Asia by sailing West

38. Magellan became the first explorer to circumnavigate the Earth (go all the way around)

39. During the Age of Exploration, Spain created colonies in North and South America

40. Spain sent explorers called conquistadors to the New World to find gold, claim land, and spread Christianity

41. Hernan Cortez conquered the Aztecs

42. Francisco Pizarro conquered the Incas

43. The influx of gold from America made Spain the most powerful country in Europe during the early years of the Age of Exploration

44. EUROPEAN EXPLORATION PART C: ENGLAND, FRANCE, and THE NETHERLANDS

45. England, France, and the Netherlands became involved in overseas exploration and colonization as well

46. The French explorer Samuel de Champlain searched Canada for a northwest passage to Asia

47. After failing to do so, Champlain founded the French colony of Quebec

48. The French would soon carve out a large colony along the Mississippi River from Canada to New Orleans

49. Unlike other European nations whose kings paid for colonies, the English colonies were paid for by citizens who formed joint- stock companies

50. English colonies formed along the Atlantic Coast of North America by colonists motivated either by religion or wealth

51. Tomorrow… The Impact of the Age of Exploration

52. Homework Spain Builds an American Empire Directions: Read the entire article first, then go back and read it again with the questions and try to answer them. It will make it easier to answer the higher level concept questions. Answer them in complete sentence on a separate sheet of paper and turn in next class.

53. Poster Time In groups of 4 choose one of the major reasons (GOLD, GLORY, GOD) why explorers started their expeditions and make a poster…the best ones (1 of each: gold, glory and God will be hung up around the classroom) You have 5 minutes to get into your groups and chose one of the categories You may use magazines or printouts These are for a grade And need to be presented to the class