1. 1 Computer Communication & Networks Lecture 3 Layering and Protocol Stacks (contd.) http://web.uettaxila.edu.pk/CMS/coeCCNbsSp09/index.asp Waleed Ejaz waleed.ejaz@uettaxila.edu.pk

2. 2 Seven layers of the OSI model

3. 3 Network layer End-to-End packet delivery  From the original source to a destination Needed when 2 devices are attached to different networks  What is the network definition here? Main duties: 1. Logical addressing 2. Routing 3. Switching 4. Congestion control and QoS Not a message

4. 4 Source to destination delivery Data Link Network layer

5. 5 Network layer - example - Network layer addresses Data Link layer addresses

6. 6 The network layer is responsible for the delivery of individual packets from the source host to the destination host. Note

7. 7 Transport layer Process-to-Process delivery of the entire message  From the original source to a destination Needed when several processes (running programs) active at the same time Main tasks:  Port addressing  Segmentation and reassembly  Congestion control  Flow control  Error control

8. 8 Transport Layer

9. 9 Transport layer -an example of a reliable delivery -

10. 10 The transport layer is responsible for the delivery of a message from one process to another. Note

11. 11 The session layer is responsible for dialog control and synchronization. Note

12. 12 The presentation layer is responsible for translation, compression, and encryption. Note

13. 13 Application layer Enables user to access the network Provides services to a user  E-mail  Remote file access and transfer (Telnet, FTP)  Access to WWW (HTTP)

14. 14 The application layer is responsible for providing services to the user. Note

15. 15 OSI Reference Model A convenient aid for remembering the OSI layer names is to use the first letter of each word in the phrase: All People Seem To Need Data Processing

16. 16 Summary of layers and protocols Low-level protocols define the electrical and physical standards to be observed, bit- and byte-ordering and the transmission and error detection and correction of the bit stream High-level protocols deal with the data formatting, including the syntax of messages, the terminal to computer dialogue, character sets, sequencing of messages

17. 17 TCP/IP Protocol

18. 18 TCP/IP Vs OSI Model

19. 19 Four Level of Addresses

20. 20 Relationship of Layers & Addresses in TCP/IP

21. 21 The physical addresses will change from hop to hop, but the logical addresses usually remain the same. Note

22. 22 Readings Chapter 2 (B. A Forouzan)  Section 2.3, 2.4, 2.5

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