2. Imagery: Sensory details or figurative language used to describe, arouse emotion, or represent abstractions. May use terms related to the five senses: visual, auditory, tactile, gustatory, or olfactory imagery. May be used with other figures of speech, especially metaphor and simile, to create a strong, unified sensory impression.

3. How can music and literature bring about social change? Write some examples of injustices we have these days and pieces of music or literature that can inspire people to take action against it.

4. Historical Narratives are accounts of real-life historical experiences, written by either a person who experienced those events or someone who studied or observed them.

5. Primary sources are materials written by people who were either participants in or observers of the events written about. Letters, diaries, journals, speeches, autobiographies, and interviews are all primary sources. Primary sources offer valuable insights into the thinking and culture of a given time period. Use these strategies to bring the information to life: Determine a document’s origin. Try to understand the perspective and motives of the writer. Note sensory details that depict people, places, and events. Identify customs, values, or conditions of the culture or time period.

6. Secondary sources are records of events written by people who were not directly involved in the events. Two typical examples of secondary sources are biographies and histories.

7. The slave narrative is an American literary genre that portrays the daily life of slaves as written by the slaves themselves after gaining their freedom. Slavery 1800s

8. Page 82-83 Create a timeline of his life, from his capture as a slave to his writing of his narrative. Portrays the culture shock of a newly captured African Focuses criticism on slave traders, not slave owners Includes religious and moral appeals against slavery Like other 18th-century slave narratives, his work

12. countenances consternation pestilential copious scruple nominal

13. Review your Logical Fallacies that you have studied thus far.

14. Next week: Purchase Arthur Miller’s The Crucible. Next Class: Prepare to present the Visual Literacy Presentations. Chapters 1-3 of On Writing Well

16. The ability to recognize ironic tone, one of the chief elements in satire, is a sure test of intelligence and sophistication. Those who read only for literal meaning are apt to misinterpret irony. A writer’s ironic tone may seem unemotional and detached from the material, whereas he/she is more than likely disguising deeper feelings, or real outrage and moral indignation.

17. Verbal irony: A discrepancy between what is said and what is meant. Dramatic irony: The audience knows something a character does not. Irony of fate: A discrepancy between what is expected or hoped for and the actual outcome of events. Socratic irony: Pretended ignorance in discussion (companion to the Socratic question).

18. Hyperbole: exaggeration for emphasis or humorous effect Understatement: a statement that says less than is actually or literally true Sarcasm: a critical, contemptuous statement expressed as verbal irony Incongruity: the result of combining inappropriate or unfitting elements In addition to “ironic,” some tone words that characterize satire are: facetious, mocking, flippant, indignant, vehement, and bitter.

19. This is the appearance or semblance of truth in literature, achieved when details, however far- fetched, give the appearance of truth and sweep the reader, for the moment at least, into an acceptance of them.

20. The organization of a satire may be carefully structured to build to a point or create suspense. It may also mimic the original in a type of satire called parody. In other words, the satirist, like all good writers, organizes in way that helps make his/her point.

21. Satirists may choose words that are deliberately shocking to the reader. They may also mimic or parody the work or person being satirized.

22. The primary target of satire is a problem the writer wants the audience to recognize and/or change. The issue may be social, political, or cultural.

23. The writer may pretend to be someone else, to be a type of person he/she is really not, or to have attitudes and beliefs he/she really does not hold.

24. Discussion Question: What is Swift’s overall purpose? Identify examples of appeals other than the classical appeals, such as appeals to thrift, economy, and patriotism. Explain the rhetorical strategy behind each example