1. Modern Art
Modern Art or Modernism is the loose term given to the succession of styles and movements in art and architecture which dominated Western culture from 19th Century up until the 1960’s. Movements associated with Modern art include Impressionism, Cubism, Bauhaus, Surrealism, Futurism, Pop Art and Op Art. 
Modern Art rejects the past as a model for the art of the present and is characterized by constant innovation. Modern Art grew out of the Impressionist's rejection of the 'imitation of life' school of art. Their emphasis on the act of painting, on the paint itself, can be seen in the Expressionist and Cubist art of the turn-of-the-century.  Modern art was also often driven by various social and political agendas. These were often utopian, and modernism was in general associated with ideal visions of human life and society and a belief in progress.
From the 1970’s artists and movements began to react against Modernism and post-modernism was formed.

2. Odilon Redon, The Cyclops c. 1914
Symbolism

3. Art Nouveau Tree of Life 1905-1909 Gustav Klimt
The Eyes of Herod Aubrey Beardsley From Salome 1894
Alphonse Marie Mucha (Czech, ), Job, 1898,

4. Analytic Cubism Pablo Picasso, Portrait of Wilhelm Uhde (1910)
Georges Braque, The Clarinet, 1912

5. Synthetic Cubism
Woman and Child, painted in 1921 by French Cubist Fernand Léger, has gone missing from Wellesley College. (Davis Museum and Cultural Center at Wellesley College/Associated Press)
Houses In Paris
Juan Gris
Picasso, Girl before a Mirror, 1932

6. Fauvism André Derain, London Bridge, 1906
Henri Matisse, Green Stripe (Madame Matisse), 1905
Le Pont de Chatou, 1906 Maurice de Vlaminck

7. Expressionism Edvard Munch The Scream 1893
Egon Schiele Self Portrait 1912

8. Die Brücke - or The Bridge
Ernst Kirchner Berlin Street Scene, 1913  
                        
Emil Nolde, Der Prophet, woodcut (1912)

9. Der Blaue Reiter – “ The Blue Rider” Wasilly Kandinsky,
Franz Marc
Blue Horse I
 Paul Klee. Senecio. 1922
Der Blaue Reiter –
“ The Blue Rider”
Wassily Kandinsky. Several Circles. 1926

10. Futurism Giacomo Balla Dynamism of a Dog on a Leash 1912
Boccioni, Unique Forms of Continuity in Space,1913

11. Orphism Robert Delaunay La Tour Eiffel, 1926
Sonia Delaunay, Prismes électriques, 1914

12. Dada Man Ray, Indestructible Object, 1923
Marcel Duchamp, Bicycle Wheel, 1913
Max Ernst, The Hat Makes the Man, 1920

13. De Stijl Piet Mondrian, Broadway Boogie Woogie. 1942-43
Piet Mondrian, Color Planes in Oval,

14. more Expressionism Amedeo Modigliani. Landscape. 1919
Amedeo Modigliani. Gypsy Woman with Child

15. German Expressionism Otto Dix, Skull from the portfolio War, 1924
George Grosz, A Married Couple, 1930
Max Beckmann, Carnival (Fastnacht), 1920

16. Figurative Paintings Henri Matisse The Dance 2 1910
“Painting has to get back to its original goal, examining the inner lives of human beings.” Read more:

17. American Modernism Stuart Davis, Report From Rockport, 1940
Marsden Hartley, Number 5,
Georgia O’Keeffe, Ram's Head White Hollyhock and Little Hills 1935
Arthur Dove, Sunrise 1936

18. Constructivism Kasimir Malevich Suprematism 1916-17
Naum Gabo (worked in Germany, England, and USA, born Russia, ), Head of a Woman, c

19. Surrealism Marc Chagall Birthday 1915
Joan Miró, Women and Bird in the Moonlight, 1949
Salvador Dalí (Spanish, ; active in Paris and New York), Lugubrious Game, 1929,
Rene Magritte, Gonconda, 1953

20. Bauhaus
White line square XII 1966
Kandinsky Composition #7, 1913

21. Sculpture Alexander Calder Mobile Alberto Giacometti, Man Striding
Henry Moore at the New York Botanical Gardens

22. Sculpture after WWII Isamu Noguchi, Black Sun David Smith “Cubi VII”
Louise Nevelson, Royal Tide I, 1960
Tony Smith, She Who Must Be Obeyed, 1975,

23. Abstract Expressionism
Willem de Kooning, Women Singing II, 1966
Hans Hofmann, Pompeii, 1959

24. more Abstract Expressionism
Lee Krasner, Gothic Landscape, 1961
more Abstract Expressionism
Ad Reinhardt (American, ), Untitled, 1940

25. and more Abstract Expressionism
Jackson Pollock, Autumn Rhythm (#30), 1950
Franz Kline, Untitled, c. 1959
and more Abstract Expressionism
Clyfford Still J, x 62 inches

26. Color Field Painting Morris Louis, Alpha-Phi, 1961
Kenneth Noland Gift,
Helen Frankenthaler, "The Bay" (1963); acrylic on canvas

27. Hard Edge Painting Ellsworth KELLY Orange curve
Kenneth Noland (American, 1924-), Shoot, 1964
Frank Stella Squared Sinjerili Variations Squared with Colored Ground IV (A. 134), 1981

28. Earth Art Robert Smithson (American, 1938-1973), Spiral Jetty
Christo, Surrounded Islands

29. Minimalism Richard Serra Switch 2000
Donald Judd Untitled, 1967 Stainless steel and Plexiglas Ten units, each 9 1/8 x 40 x 31 inches

30. Op Art Maurits Cornelis Escher, Convex and Concave, 1955
Bridget Riley, Cataract
Victor Vasarely, Blue / Red, 1983, silkscreen

31. Photorealism Richard Estes, Telephone Booths 1967
Duane Hanson, Salesman, 1992, painted polyvinyl,
Chuck Close, Mark

32. Pop Art Roy Lichtenstein, Whaam!, 1963
Andy Warhol (American, ), Campbell's Tomato Soup, 1962,
Jasper John Three Flags 1953