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Published byBaldric Webb Modified over 9 years ago
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Genetics Intro
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Phenotype Observable, Physical traits (ear shape, petal color) these are expressed biologically. –Offspring usually have a phenotype similar to their parents’. –Environmental factors play a critical role example Japanese children of early and middle 1900’s. Better diets taller children. The result of a genetic plan influenced by environment.
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Simple Inheritance Dominant trait – expresses itself in an organism and can be observed. Recessive trait – does not express itself but organism carries the trait. –Cannot express itself due to dominant gene being present –Organism does exhibit trait if inherits recessive genes from both parents
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Genotype The basic genetic plan, all the genetic information in an organism. –Stored as DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) molecules –Chromosome – cell structures that include all DNA molecules organized around structural proteins. –Gene – Particular piece of genetic information found on the chromosome
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Genes Humans have 23 pairs (46) chromosomes –Contain many genes –Largest 3,000 genes –Smallest, the Y-chromosomes contains only 230 genes Allele – Different versions of the same gene. (ex. Blood Type) –The combination determines the organisms phenotype
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Alleles One comes from the father and one from the mother Example Blood Types –Dad Type A –Mom Type B –Child Type AB Combination is Heterozygous (different) Child Type AA Homozygous (same)
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Extra Credit Questions Are exhibited dominant traits Homozygous or Heterozygous? Are exhibited recessive traits Homozygous or Heterozygous? 5 points each
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