1. TURNER SYNDROME ZACK DONOHUE

2. HOW DOES IT OCCUR? TURNER SYNDROM OCCURS WHEN A FEMALE DOESN’T HAVE THE USUAL PAIR OF X CHROMOSOMES.

3. HISTORY TURNER SYNDROME WAS NAMED AFTER HENRY TURNER AFTER HE DESCRIBED IT IN 1938 IN OKLAHOMA.

4. CAN IT BE PASSED? WOMEN WITH TURNER SYNDROME ARE ALMOST ALWAYS INFERTILE. IN RARE OCCASIONS, WOMEN WITH TURNER SYNDROME WHO DO CONCIEVE PUT THEIR BABIES AT HIGH RISK OF MISCARRIAGE AND BIRTH DEFECTS. CANNOT BE BE PASSED DOWN. IT IS A SEX TRAIT.

5. TYPE OF MUTATION TURNER SYNDROME IS A CHROMOSOMAL MUTATION. WOMEN WITH IT EITHER HAVE ONLY ONE X CHROMOSOME, ONE X WITH A PART OF ANOTHER X CHROMOSOME, OR ONE X WITH ANOTHER X CHROMOSOME IN SOME BUT NOT ALL CELLS.

6. WHERE DOES IT OCCUR? TURNER SYNDROME OCCURS IN THE FEMALE SEX CHROMOSOMES. ONE OF THE X’S. X

7. SYMPTOMS Absent or incomplete development at puberty, including sparse pubic hair and small breasts Broad, flat chest shaped like a shield Drooping eyelids Dry eyes Infertility No periods (absent menstruation) Short height Vaginal dryness, can lead to painful intercourse Swollen hands and feet Wide and webbed neck

8. HOW IS IT DIAGNOSED? Turner Syndrome can be detected at any time in life. Blood hormone levels Echocardiogram (heart ultrasound) Karyotyping (chromosome analysis) MRI of the chest Ultrasound of reproductive organs and kidneys Pelvic exam

9. TREATMENT PATIENTS OFTEN USE HGH (HUMAN GROWTH HORMONE) TO GROW TALLER AND FILL OUT BODIES. ESTROGEN REPLACEMENT THERAPY OFTEN STARTS AROUND AGE 12.

13. BIBLIOGRAPHY Works Cited “Turner Syndrome.” Google Health. N.p., n.d. Web. 12 Nov. 2009.. “Turner Syndrome.” Teens Health. N.p., n.d. Web. 12 Nov. 2009.. “Turner Syndrome.” Turner-Syndrome. N.p., n.d. Web. 12 Nov. 2009..