1. CHAPTER 5 Observation Skills

2. Microskills Hierarchy Client observation skills Open and closed questions Attending behavior Ethics and multicultural competence

3. Central Concepts of Observation Nonverbal – visual, vocals, body language Verbal – “I” and “Other” statements; abstract, concrete Discrepancies and Conflict – listen for “but;” “on the one hand...”

4. Acculturation Issues Acculturation – degree individual has adopted norms or standard way of behaving in a given culture Normal behavior is relative Avoid stereotyping

5. Key Aspects of Nonverbal Behavior Attending behaviors Body language

6. Verbal Observation Selective attention – topics selected and avoided Key words – vocal inflection (use helpee’s key words) Language – formal/abstract or concrete situational “I” and “Others” – locus of responsibility (remember cultural differences)

7. Incongruity and Conflict Internal – what one says vs. what one does; verbal vs. nonverbal Between client and situation – discrimination, heterosexism, sexism, and abelism