1. The purpose of cell is to CREATE PROTEINS

2. Plasma Membrane Cell membrane; outer layers of the cell made up of lipid bilayer and proteins “selectively permeable”

3. Cytosol Cytoplasm; Fluid-jellylike space inside the cell where chemical reactions take place

4. Cytoskeleton Responsible for: - Cell shape and structure - Cell movement - Intracellular transport

6. Nucleus The Nucleus is the control center/brain of the cell. Responsible for: - protecting DNA - cell growth - cell division Nuclear Envelope: protective outer membrane, contains nuclear pores

7. Most numerous organelle in the cell (thousands). PROTEIN SYNTHESIS Ribosomes can be found in the cytoplasm or attached to the rough endoplasmic reticulum Ribosomes

8. A system of folded membranes Rough ER is covered with ribosomes. A “work station” for protein synthesis Smooth ER lacks ribosomes and synthesizes lipids and steroids. Rough ER Smooth ER ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM

10. Golgi Apparatus System of folded membranes and vesicles The Golgi apparatus receives proteins from ER and packages them into Golgi bodies for shipment Golgi Apparatus

11. Vacuoles Storage centers - Water - Minerals - Food Plant cells have one large central vacuole that stores all of the water VACUOLE

12. Lysosomes “digest” damaged organelles or waste materials Low pH Involved in phagocytosis and autolysis Lysosomes EATING SUICIDE

14. The mitochondria makes energy for the cell to use. Converts glucose (stored energy) to ATP (usable energy). Mitochondria has its own DNA called mitochondrial DNA - passed only from mothers to children Glucose ATP

16. Plant cell have chloroplasts Chloroplasts perform photosynthesis - convert carbon dioxide into glucose Glucose ATP Light energy and CO2