1. Long Term Causes of Civil War

2. Question of State’s Rights: –Federalism: a system of multiple governments in order to give more localized decision making power –10th amendment: reserved rights for states –Strong central gov’t vs. weak central gov’t --McCulloch v. Maryland = federal gov’t has implied powers

3. The Debate Over Slavery: –pro-slavery: necessary for South’s economy –anti-slavery: morally wrong –opposed to growth over slavery = sectionalism –Comparison Chart

4. Long Term Causes of the Civil War Pro Slavery ArgumentAnti-Slavery Argument

5. –Sedition Acts — limit the right of people to criticize gov’t leads to the Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions present idea of state’s right to nullify –Tariff Crisis of 1828 — South Carolina disagrees, right to nullify or secede –Slavery Issues: South threatens to nullify anti-slavery laws, North threatens to nullify fugitive slave laws

6. Sectionalism –issues become more and more regional in nature –slavery, tariffs, economics are all based on region –industrial north –agricultural south

7. Compromise of 1820 –agree to allow Missouri enter as slave while Maine enters as free –drew a line (Missouri Compromise Line) to determine the future of slavery –solved the problem for only a short period of time –Henry Clay

8. Wilmot Proviso —attempt to block slavery in territory gained from Mexico, fails in Congress. Compromise of 1850 California applies for statehood, debate begins, Henry Clay organizes a compromise Also there is the question of Mexican territories remains Henry Clay organizes compromise: California will be admitted as a free state, the South will get a stronger fugitive slave law, popular sovereignty will decide the future of slavery Popular sovereignty: state created by will of people, issue of slavery should be decided by the people of that state

9. Fugitive Slave Law Allowed slave catchers to go into free areas and capture runaways Made helping a crime— prison and/or fine Suspected slaves had no rights to trial Law angered Northern abolitionists— start creating personal liberty laws to protect slaves Law eased southern fears of anti-slavery reformers Most problematic part of the Compromise of 1850…increased tensions between North and South

10. Underground Railroad Many attempts relied on luck Anti-slavery advocates begin helping slaves Network of safe houses form to help slaves escape Harriet Tubman— most well-known conductor

11. In the dead of night With fear and fright We make our run for the north Get past the hunters Hide for a thousand miles And persecution no more A friend of a friend We will be free again Underground railroad is born Escape to freedom And hope to beat'em The ones we left will mourn We've made it north Freedom is ours But there are still millions more.

14. NullificationSectionalismSlavery

15. Which of the following is true of both the North and the South in the mid-1800s? a.Both regions cherished their democratic tradition b.Both regions had strong communication systems c.Cotton was the most important cash crop in both regions d.Both economies were based on the interests of each region

16. What effect did the Compromise of 1850 have on sectional differences? a.It settled most differences b.The anti-slavery movement was weakened c.Its fugitive slave laws increased tensions d.Southern discontent with abolitionists lessened

17. Which of the following was a provision of the Compromise of 1850? a.California would be admitted as a free state b.Missouri would be admitted as a free state c.Slavery would be prohibited in Arizona and Utah d.No new states would be allowed to have slavery

18. Under popular sovereignty, the decision whether or not to allow slavery in a territory was made by a.Congress b.The voters in that territory c.The Supreme Court d.The President

19. The purpose of the Fugitive Slave Act was to a.Provide safety for escaped slaves b.Force all Americans to help catch escaped slaves c.Offer freed slaves land in the west d.Ban slavery in the nation’s capital

20. All of the following were long term causes of the Civil War except? a.Sectionalism b.Wilmot Proviso c.States rights v. Federal Power d.Compromise of 1850

21. Activity Part 1: Complete reading and questions on the Underground Railroad. Turn in. Part 2: –Complete vocabulary worksheet –Create a flyer on the back of worksheet advertising the newly passed Compromise of 1850. (Be sure to include the terms of the compromise) Homework: Complete key vocabulary on Goal 3 Summary Sheet