1. United States History II Chapter 1- Reconstruction Essential Question- How did the nation try to heal itself after the Civil War?

2. I) The American Civil War A) The American Civil War was fought between the Northern Unionists and the Southern Confederacy 1) At the heart of the war was the issue of slavery in the southern states.

3. B) The North/Union 1) The north wanted to preserve the nation and outlaw slavery. 2) Lead by president Abraham Lincoln. 3) General Grant lead the northern armies.

4. C- Confederacy 1) Wanted to break away from the United States and form their own country. 2) Wanted plantation slavery to remain legal. 3) Lead by Jefferson Davis. 4) General Lee commanded their army.

5. D-The Civil War facts 1) Began in 1861. 2) Lasted until 1865. 3) Fought in the north and the south. 4) In 1865- 600,000 men had been killed in the fighting and 1,100,000 had been wounded. 5) The Confederates surrender after running out of men and supplies

6. 5) After surrendering the southern soldiers were forgiven and allowed to return homes. 6) The southern states were to be readmitted to the Union.

7. E) 13 th Amendment of the Constitution. Abolished slavery 1) 4 million Africans were freed from slavery. 2) The newly freed slaves had to find their place in American society.

8. II- Reconstruction What does Reconstruction mean? A) Reconstruction- the plan to reunite and rebuild the nation after the destruction caused by the Civil War.

9. B) The South was devastated by the Civil War

10. 1) Major southern cities had been destroyed

11. 2) Farms had been stripped clean of crops and livestock. Farmers had nothing to eat or sell.

12. 3) 2/3 of railroads and bridges were destroyed

13. 4) The Plantation Economy is over

14. 5) 4 Million newly freed slaves need to find a new place in the southern economy and society

15. B) Lincoln’s Plan Lincoln wanted to reconcile with the South instead of punishing it for treason. 1) Reconcile- Make peace with

16. 1) Lincoln offered plan of amnesty to all Southerners who took oath of loyalty to U.S. a) Amnesty –Pardon

17. 2) Ten Percent Plan –Called for a state to be readmitted into Union as soon as 10 of the state voters swore allegiance to nation.

18. What happened to President Lincoln?

19. C) President Lincoln was assassinated before he could put his plan in action.

20. 1) An actor named John Wilkes Booth snuck up behind President Lincoln while he was watching a play, and shot him in the back of the head. He then jumped to the stage, shouted “death to Tyrants”, and ran off 2) President Lincoln died the next morning.

21. 3) Booth was a southern sympathizer and killed the President out of revenge for the south losing the war. 4) Booth was chased for two weeks to a barn in Virginia where he was shot and killed.

22. Who becomes President if the President dies?

23. D) President Johnson 1) The Vice President of the United States, Andrew Johnson, now became the President. 2) Johnson had to decide if he would follow Lincoln’s plan for amnesty or retaliate against the south. a) Retaliate- seek revenge