1. Questions Part 4-1 1.Molecules that make up the thin filaments of a sarcomere are: 2.Molecules that make up the thick filaments of a sarcomere are: 3.Each myosin molecule has a ____ and a _____. 4.Describe the Z lines 5.Describe the M line 6.What does the I band have in it? 7.What does the H band have in it? 8.What does the A band have in it?

2. Questions Part 4-2 1.What are the 3 steps of contraction? 2.Where does initiation of contraction occur? 3.What are the most common neurotransmitters released during initiation of muscle contraction? 4.Where do neurotransmitters bind during initiation of muscle contraction? 5.What is released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum when the sarcomere is being shortened? 6.What binds to troponin molecules? 7.How are the myosin binding sites exposed (shown)? 8.What binds to the myosin binding sites? 9.What is a cross bridge? 10.Why does the sarcomere shorten? 11.Why is ATPase needed for the sarcomere to shorten? 12.What happens at relaxation?

3. 1.What are the differences when there is stimulus for an individual muscle fiber vs. a whole muscle? 2.What is tonus? 3.Why is tonus needed? 4.Are muscles in a continuous state of tonus at rest too? 5.What is a simple twitch? 6.What are the 3 parts of a simple twitch? 7.What are the 2 divisions of the relaxation period of a simple twitch? 8.Does the muscle have a response to a stimulus during the absolute refractory period? 9.What is needed for contraction to occur during the relative refractory period? 10.What happens during summation? 11.What happens during tetanus? 12.What happens if tetanus goes on for a long time (longer than usual)? Questions Part 5

4. Questions Part 6-1 1.How are smooth muscle contractions different from skeletal muscle contractions? 2.Where does Energy (ATP) come from? 3.What is myoglobin? 4.Where is myoglobin found? 5.Yes/No: Myoglobin has low affinity to oxygen. 6.What does myoglobin do? 7.Why is myoglobin important during strenuous exercise?

5. Questions Part 6-2 1.What does connective tissue do? 2.What are 2 kinds of connective tissue? 3.Where is loose connective tissue found? 4.What does loose connective tissue do? 5.What three protein fibers are in loose connective tissue? 6.What 2 cells are in loose connective tissue? 7.What do dense connective tissue form? 8.What is the origin? proximal end? 9.What is insertion? distal end? 10.What is an example of an antagonistic pair of muscles? Why? 11.What do synergistic muscles do? 12.What is an extensor? 13.What is a flexor? 14.What is an abductor muscle? 15.What is an adductor muscle?