2. Necessary Information Required compressive strength at 28days: 30 Mpa Type of structure: mass concrete, beam, column. Maximum size of aggregate: 20 mm Fineness modulus of sand: 2.7 Dry-rodded weight of coarse aggregate: 1600 kg/m 3 Moisture absorption: 2% for coarse aggregate and 1.5% for fine aggregate

3. Fineness Modulus (FM) where the standard sieve sizes are No.100 (0.15 mm), No.50 (0.3 mm), No.30 (0.6 mm), No.16 (1.18 mm), No.8 (2.36 mm), and No.4 (4.75 mm)

4. Step 1 Estimate w/c based on required 28 days compressive strength

5. 0.54

6. 30 MPa = 4350 psi w/c = 0.54 1.

7. Step 2 Obtain slump value based on types of construction

8. 75 – 100 mm 2.

10. Step 3 Estimate amount of water requirement for mixing based on maximum size of aggregate and slump value

11. 20 mm

12. 195 kg/m 3

13. Step 4 Calculation of cement content based on required water and w/c values

14. 360 kg/m 3 4.

15. Step 4 Estimate weight of aggregates based on unit weight of fresh concrete

16. Unit weight of fresh concrete Maximum aggregate size (mm) Unit weight (kg/m 3 ) 102285 202355 402420 Unit weight = Cement + Water + Aggregates 1800 kg/m 3

17. Step 5 Calculate coarse aggregate content based on volume of dry- rodded and dry-rodded weight of coarse of aggregate

19. Coarse aggregate content (CA) = (V) x (CA dry-rodded wight) (CA) = coarse aggregate (V) = Volume of dry-rodded coarse aggregate per cubic meter of concrete (CA dry-rodded unit weight) = 1600 kg/m 3 1008 kg/m 3

20. Step 6 Calculate fine aggregate content

21. Fine aggregate content FA = Total aggregates – CA 792 kg/m 3

22. Step 7 Calculate net weight of fine aggregate based on its moisture absorption

23. Net weight of fine aggregate Net FA = FA x (1+MAf) Net FA = 792 x (1+ 0.015) = 804 kg/m 3 MAf: moisture absorption or moisture content of FA

24. Step 8 Calculate net weight of coarse aggregate based on its moisture absorption

25. Net weight of coarse aggregate Net CA = CA x (1+MAc) Net CA = 1008 x (1+ 0.02) = 1028 kg/m 3 MAc: moisture absorption or moisture content of CA

26. Step 9 Calculate net weight of water based on FA and CA and their moisture absorptions

27. Net weight of water Net W = W – FAx(MAf) – CAx(MAc) Net W = 195 – 792(0.015) – 1008(0.02) = 163 kg/m 3

28. Step 10 Adjust the concrete ingredient contents

29. Cement = 360 kg/m 3 Fine aggregate = 804 (800 kg/m 3 ) Coarse aggregate = 1028 (1030 kg/m 3 ) Water = 163 (160 kg/m 3 ) Slump = 75 – 100 mm Strength (28days) = 30 MPa