1. Surgical Technology Mechanisms of Disease Microbiology DJ 3/05

2. Objectives  Define Medical Terms  List and Describe Mechanisms of disease and risk factors  List and describe categories of pathogenic organisms  Describe pathogenesis of cancer

3. Medical Terminology  Microbiology  Pathogens  Parasites  Host

4. Medical Terminology  Vector  Pathology  Psychogenic  Diagnosis

5. Medical Terminology  Acute  Chronic  Signs  Symptoms

6. Medical Terminology Syndrome Health Disease Etiology

7. Medical Terminology Idiopathic Pathogenesis Communicable Latent

8. Patterns of Disease Epidemiology Epidemiologist

9. Patterns of Disease Endemic Epidemics Pandemic

10. Patterns of Disease Discovering the cause of a disease is difficult because many factors affect disease transmission Disease can be fought through : Prevention Therapy

11. Patterns of Disease Pathophysiology

12. Mechanisms of Disease  Genetic  Pathogenic organisms  Tumors/cancer  Physical and chemical agents  Malnutrition  Autoimmunity  Inflammation  Degeneration

13. Genetic mechanisms  Altered /mutated genes  Abnormal disruptive function  Threat to homeostasis

14. Pathogenic organisms  Disease causing organisms  Damage the body  Parasite

15. Tumors/Cancer  Neoplasms

16. Physical/chemical agents  Toxic/destructive  Extreme heat/cold  Mechanical injury  radiation

17. malnutrition  Imbalance of nutrients

18. Autoimmunity  Immune system attacks the body  Mistakes  Over-reactions

19. Inflammation  Inflammatory response  Disease occurs when inflammation occurs:  At inappropriate times  Is abnormally prolonged  Is a severe response

20. Degeneration  Tissues break apart  Normal consequence of aging  Occurs when one or more tissues degenerate resulting from disease

21. Risk factors  Genetics  Age  Lifestyle  Stress  Environment  Pre-existing conditions

22. Pathogenic organisms  Viruses  Bacteria  Fungi  Protozoa  Pathogenic animals

23. Pathogenic organisms  Humans get disease through accidental or intentional injury  Microscopic  Microbes:  Bacteria  Fungi  protozoa

24. Pathogenic organisms  Viruses  Contains DNA  Invade and insert genetic code  Exocytosis

25. Pathogenic organisms Bacteria No nucleus Secrete toxins Become parasites inside cells Form colonies that disrupt normal cell function

26. Pathogenic organisms Bacteria classifications 1.Function  Aerobic  Anaerobic 2. Staining Properties  Gram positive  Gram negative

27. Pathogenic organisms Bacteria classifications 3.shape/size  Bacilli  Cocci (dip, strep, staph)  Curved/spiral rods  Obligate  Spores

28. Pathogenic organisms  Fungi  Yeasts, molds

29. Pathogenic organisms Protozoa  Amoeba  Flagellates  Ciliates  Sporozoa

30. Pathogenic organisms Metazoa  Nematodes  Platyhelminths  Arthropods

31. Prevention/control  Person to person  Environmental  Opportunistic invasion  Transmission by a vector

32. Prevention/control aseptic methods of prevention  Sterilization  Disinfection  Antisepsis  Isolation

33. Prevention/control TX strategies  Vaccination  Antibiotics  natural/synthetic

34. Tumors/cancer  Neoplasms  Benign  Malignant  Hyperplasia  Anaplasia

35. Tumors/cancer malignant tumors  Sarcomas  Lymphomas  Osteosarcoma  Myeloma  Fibrosarcoma  Metastisis  Carcinomas  Adenocarcinoma

36. Tumors/cancer benign tumors  Pappilloma  Adenoma  Nevus  Lipoma  Osteoma  Chondroma

37. Causes of CA  Genetics  Carcinogens  Age  Environment  viruses

38. CA  Forms of CA  Warning signs  Methods of detection  Outcomes  Tx options

39. Inflammation  Redness  Heat  Pain  Swelling

40. Inflammation  Inflammation mediators  Inflammatory exudate  Chemotaxis  Phagocytosis  fever