1. Cultural Concerns The end of folk culture?

2. Part I: Societies Group:Group: Set of people who interact on the basis of shared expectations and who possess some degree of common identitySet of people who interact on the basis of shared expectations and who possess some degree of common identity The largest and most complex groups that sociologists study are societiesThe largest and most complex groups that sociologists study are societies Preindustrial vs. Industrial/Post-IndustrialPreindustrial vs. Industrial/Post-Industrial \

3. Part 2: Preindustrial Definition:Definition: Food production is carried out through human and animal laborFood production is carried out through human and animal labor Food production is main economic activityFood production is main economic activity \

4. Preindustrial Types of PreindustrialTypes of PreindustrialSocieties: –Hunting and Gathering –Pastoral –Horticultural –Agricultural Gemeinschaft (community); characterized by mechanic solidarityGemeinschaft (community); characterized by mechanic solidarity \

5. Preindustrial Practice Folk Culture:Practice Folk Culture: Practiced by small, homogenous, rural groups living in relative isolationPracticed by small, homogenous, rural groups living in relative isolation \

6. Folk Culture Folk Culture is RAPIDLY changing and/or disappearing throughout much of the worldFolk Culture is RAPIDLY changing and/or disappearing throughout much of the world

7. Characteristics: Folk Culture Stable & close knitStable & close knit Generally ruralGenerally rural Tradition rulesTradition rules Resistant to changeResistant to change Buildings erected without architect or blueprint; locally available building materialsBuildings erected without architect or blueprint; locally available building materials

8. Folk Food How did such differences develop?

9. Effects on Landscape: Effects on Landscape: Usually of limited scale and scope Usually of limited scale and scope Folk Architecture

12. Part 3: Industrial and Postindustrial Societies

13. Industrial Definition:Definition: Emphasis shifts from production of food to production of manufactured goodsEmphasis shifts from production of food to production of manufactured goods Most production is carried out by machinesMost production is carried out by machines \ Postindustrial Definition:Definition: Much of the economy is involved in providing information and servicesMuch of the economy is involved in providing information and services \

14. Industrial Effects:Effects: New technologyNew technology Increase in populationIncrease in population UrbanizationUrbanization \Postindustrial Effects:Effects: Higher standard of livingHigher standard of living Strong emphasis on science/educationStrong emphasis on science/education Technological advancesTechnological advances Emphasis on social equality and democracyEmphasis on social equality and democracy Gesellschaft (society); characterized by organic solidarity Gesellschaft (society); characterized by organic solidarity Popular Culture Popular Culture

15. Definition:Definition: Found in a large, heterogeneous society that shares certain habits despite differences in personal characteristicsFound in a large, heterogeneous society that shares certain habits despite differences in personal characteristics \ Popular Culture

16. Characteristics: Pop Culture Wide Distribution:Wide Distribution: Differences from place to place uncommon; differences in one place over time are more likelyDifferences from place to place uncommon; differences in one place over time are more likely Housing:Housing: Only small regional variations; trends over timeOnly small regional variations; trends over time

17. Characteristics: Pop Culture Food:Food: Franchises, cargo planes, superhighways & freezer trucks have eliminated local variationFranchises, cargo planes, superhighways & freezer trucks have eliminated local variation

18. Pop Culture: Effects on… Effects on Landscape:Effects on Landscape: Breeds homogenous, “placeless” landscapeBreeds homogenous, “placeless” landscape –Complex network of roads & highways –Commercial structures trend towards “boxes” –Planned & gated communities increasingly common

19. Pop Culture: Effects on… Disconnect with landscape:Disconnect with landscape: Indoor swimming pools, desert surfingIndoor swimming pools, desert surfing

20. Is this the end of Folk Culture? http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=As3pWX oq_as&feature=relatedhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=As3pWX oq_as&feature=relatedhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=As3pWX oq_as&feature=relatedhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=As3pWX oq_as&feature=related