1. The Legacy of Ancient Greece How did Ancient Athens influence Western Democracy?

2. Greek City-States Around 2000 BC, the Greeks established cities along the coastline Each city was like its own country (City-States) Most Greek City-States had one of the following types of government: 1. Monarchy Ruled by a king (absolute rule) Rule is hereditary Divine Right (power to rule comes from God) 2. Aristocracy Ruled by rich, important families (nobles) Rule is hereditary Power to rule comes from wealth/status

3. History of Democracy – Solon the Reformer Athens, most powerful city-state was an Aristocracy Landowners forced poor farmers into slavery to pay debt 1. Solon writes a law outlawing slavery based on debt 3. Oligarchy/Tyranny Rule was based on wealth, ability or control of military Sometimes one powerful person gains control (tyranny)

4. 2. Solon establishes citizenship based on four “classes” (wealth) Top three classes could hold public office – fourth class could only vote Only free adult males born in Athens were “citizens” 1/10 of Athens total population Athens uses branches of Govt. Council of 500 = Executive Branch Jury system = Judicial Branch Cleisthenes allows fourth class to hold public office & creates Council of 500 (chosen by lottery) – balances power Pericles increases paid gov’t officials, more Athenians can participate in government Athens becomes a direct democracy as citizens rule & make laws directly Assembly of citizens = Legislative Branch

5. Trial by Jury – Athens Style A.How big were juries in Athens? B.How was a jury selected? C.What was the difference between a hollow and solid disk? D.Answer Question #1 on page 9 E.Answer Question #2 on page 9