1. Brookhaven Science Associates U.S. Department of Energy Chi-Chang Kao National Synchrotron Light Source Brookhaven National Laboratory Recent Developments in Synchrotron Facilities

2. Brookhaven Science Associates U.S. Department of Energy Outline n Advances in sources, optics and detectors n COMPRES and facilities n Inelastic x-ray scattering study of materials under high pressure

3. Brookhaven Science Associates U.S. Department of Energy Advances in Storage Rings : Brightness 1 TPa?

4. Brookhaven Science Associates U.S. Department of Energy Advances in Storage Rings : Flux

5. Brookhaven Science Associates U.S. Department of Energy X-ray Free Electron Lasers Richard Lee Expected 2008

6. Brookhaven Science Associates U.S. Department of Energy n Micro-focusing n High energy focusing n High energy resolution optics Advances in Optics

7. Brookhaven Science Associates U.S. Department of Energy n Multi-Element Solid State Detectors n Pixel-Array Detectors n High Energy Detectors Advances in Detectors

8. Brookhaven Science Associates U.S. Department of Energy Integrated Experimental Design

9. Brookhaven Science Associates U.S. Department of Energy COMPRES and Facilities n Represent the interests of the community Ex 1: Scientific agenda and needs Ex 2: Coordination of activities n Leverage facility resources Ex 1: X17 hutch upgrade Ex 2: High energy focusing optics n Collaborate on education and outreach Ex: Synchrotron technique and data analysis training courses

10. Brookhaven Science Associates U.S. Department of Energy n Phase diagram and structure refinement n Strain mapping n Electron structure and lattice dynamics n Local structure information in disordered and liquid phases n Statistical physics and origin of structural/magnetic/metal- insulator phase transitions n Systematic study of electron correlation effects n Control the coupling between lattice and electronic degrees of freedom in strongly correlated electron systems …….. Some interesting things to find out after EOS

11. Brookhaven Science Associates U.S. Department of Energy Kinematics of Inelastic X-ray Scattering

12. Brookhaven Science Associates U.S. Department of Energy Double Differential Scattering Cross Section

13. Brookhaven Science Associates U.S. Department of Energy From W.A. Caliebe, Ph.D. Thesis, 1997 Inelastic X-ray Spectrum

14. Brookhaven Science Associates U.S. Department of Energy Dynamic Structure Factor of Diamond and LiF PRL, 84 (2000) 3907

15. Brookhaven Science Associates U.S. Department of Energy Dynamic Structure Factors of Metals Eguiluz et al, J. of Physics and Chemistry of Solids 61 (2000) 383–390 Aluminum

16. Brookhaven Science Associates U.S. Department of Energy Spatial and Temporal Scales of Scattering Techniques n IXS covers a unique frequency -momentum space, complementary to optical, electron scattering, and neutron scattering techniques. n No restriction on energy and momentum transfer. n Offers great flexibility in sample size and sample environment. n Single scattering simplifies comparison with theory

17. Brookhaven Science Associates U.S. Department of Energy n Lattice dynamics: 1-2 meV -liquids -Amorphous solids -Biological systems -Extreme conditions n Charge dynamics: 0.1-1 eV -Liquids -Metals to insulators -Strongly correlated electrons -Extreme conditions Current Status of Inelastic X-ray Scattering Third generation high energy synchrotrons: ~ 10 13 to 10 14 in Si(111) bandwidth

18. Brookhaven Science Associates U.S. Department of Energy Pressure vs Temperature Thermal energy : 10 –3 Ry Atomic unit of pressure vs PV work per atom Ashcroft

19. Brookhaven Science Associates U.S. Department of Energy SPring-8/ SRRC IXS Spectrometer Sample Incident Table Detector 3m Arm Analyzer In Collaboration with Advanced Design Consulting, Inc., NY, USA Incident X-ray Rowland Circle

20. Brookhaven Science Associates U.S. Department of Energy -ESRF ID16/ ID 28 -APS Sector 3; HP-CAT; IXS-CAT -SPring-8 BL35XU; BL11XU; BL12XU IXS Beamlines at Third Generation Synchrotrons -Several CATs at APS are part time used for IXS * Nuclear Resonance and Compton scattering

21. Brookhaven Science Associates U.S. Department of Energy Magnetic Collapse in Transition Metal Oxides R.E.Cohen, I.I. Mazin, D.G. Isaak, Science 275 (1997) http://www.windows.ucar.edu

22. Brookhaven Science Associates U.S. Department of Energy 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 3d Incident x-rays High Spin Low Spin Emitted x-rays High Resolution X-ray Emission Fe +2

23. Brookhaven Science Associates U.S. Department of Energy High-spin to Low-spin Transition in FeS

24. Brookhaven Science Associates U.S. Department of Energy High-spin to Low-spin Transition in FeS Phys. Rev. Lett. 82, 3284 (1999)

25. Brookhaven Science Associates U.S. Department of Energy Magnetic Collapse in Transition Metal Oxides http://www.windows.ucar.edu Ferropericlase (Mg0.83Fe0.17)O ~60-70 GPa Badro, Science 2003 Silicate perovskite Jie Li – private communication

26. Brookhaven Science Associates U.S. Department of Energy H.-K. Mao and R.J. Hemly, CIW J.-P. Rueff, CNRS* Y. Cai and P. Chow, NSRRC/SPring-8