1. Oracle Database 11g: PL/SQL Fundamentals Student Guide D49990GC10 Edition 1.0 August 2007 D52092 ®

2. Copyright © 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved. Disclaimer This course provides an overview of features and enhancements planned in release 11g. It is intended solely to help you assess the business benefits of upgrading to 11g and to plan your IT projects. This course in any form, including its course labs and printed matter, contains proprietary information that is the exclusive property of Oracle. This course and the information contained herein may not be disclosed, copied, reproduced, or distributed to anyone outside Oracle without prior written consent of Oracle. This course and its contents are not part of your license agreement nor can they be incorporated into any contractual agreement with Oracle or its subsidiaries or affiliates. This course is for informational purposes only and is intended solely to assist you in planning for the implementation and upgrade of the product features described. It is not a commitment to deliver any material, code, or functionality, and should not be relied upon in making purchasing decisions. The development, release, and timing of any features or functionality described in this document remain at the sole discretion of Oracle. This document contains proprietary information and is protected by copyright and other intellectual property laws. You may copy and print this document solely for your own use in an Oracle training course. The document may not be modified or altered in any way. Except where your use constitutes "fair use" under copyright law, you may not use, share, download, upload, copy, print, display, perform, reproduce, publish, license, post, transmit, or distribute this document in whole or in part without the express authorization of Oracle. The information contained in this document is subject to change without notice. If you find any problems in the document, please report them in writing to: Oracle University, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, California 94065 USA. This document is not warranted to be error-free. Restricted Rights Notice If this documentation is delivered to the United States Government or anyone using the documentation on behalf of the United States Government, the following notice is applicable: U.S. GOVERNMENT RIGHTS The U.S. Government’s rights to use, modify, reproduce, release, perform, display, or disclose these training materials are restricted by the terms of the applicable Oracle license agreement and/or the applicable U.S. Government contract. Trademark Notice Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Author Tulika Srivastava Technical Contributors and Reviewers Tom Best Christoph Burandt Yanti Chang Ashita Dhir Peter Driver Gerlinde Frenzen Nancy Greenberg Chaitanya Kortamaddi Tim Leblanc Wendy Lo Bryan Roberts Lauran Serhal Abhishek X Singh Puja Singh Lex.Van.Der Werff Editors Atanu Raychaudhuri Richard Wallis Graphic Designers Satish Bettegowda Rajiv Chandrabhanu Publishers Sujatha Nagendra Michael Sebastian Giri Venugopal