1. Ch. 31 – 3 notes

2. Combined with autos, RR suffered more setbacks Radio – 1st in US was KDKA out of Pittsburgh United country with standard accents and voices Politicians needed to change communication skills Movies - 1903 – The Great Train Robbery – first film (silent) 1915 – Birth of a Nation – glorified the KKK 1927 – The Jazz Singer – Al Jolson – first talking film Like radio, movies helped unify country culturally Women’s work grew slowly in low-paying “women’s job” Margaret Sanger – advocated birth control Young people increased sexual activity; Sigmund Freud- believed sexual repression was harmful Young ‘flappers’ showed female independence Jazz made popular with rhythmic and improvisation

3. Racial pride burst forth in Harlem NYC in music, art, poetry Harlem Renaissance– Langston Hughes, Zora Neale Hurston, Louis Armstrong Marcus Garvey founded the United Negro Improvement Association (UNIA) promoting segregation and even to resettle blacks back to Africa – will inspire Black Power in 1960’s “The Lost Generation” – writers of the 1920’s – youthful and ambitious after WWI F. Scott Fitzgerald, Ernest Hemingway, Sinclair Lewis, William Faulkner and playwright Eugene O’Neil Architect Frank Lloyd Wright – built based on function Wall Street boomed with on-margin buying and wild speculation Little done by fed. gov’t to stop the ‘boom’ In 1921, the Bureau of the Budget was created as a dept. to submit the Pres. a balanced budget proposal Mellon shifted tax burden from wealthy to middle-income to promote industrial growth