1. 1 Big idea What happened during the Peloponnesian War?

2. The Peloponnesian war Present day Athens

3. The Peloponnesian war was fought between Athens and Sparta, and other Greek city states that chose sides. Pericles leader of Athens

4. Historians have traditionally divided the war into three phases. The first stage was the Archidamian War Then came the Peace of Nicias Last came the Thirty years treaty.

5. Warm Up Agenda 5 Complete the matrix comparing Athens and Sparta in 440 BCE. Use the word bank to help you fill in all the information. Word Bank: DemocracyDoes not value art and music Delian LeagueOligarchy Agriculture (farming)Trade Open to world ideasPeloponnesian League Values art and musicIsolated

6. Agenda 6 AthensSparta Form of Government Economy Culture Relationship to outside world League Membership Word Bank DemocracyDemocracyDoes not value art and music Delian LeagueOligarchy Agriculture (farming)Trade Open to world ideasPeloponnesian LeaguePeloponnesian League Values art and musicIsolated Democracy

7. Agenda 7 AthensSparta GovernmentDemocracy Economy Culture Relationship to outside world League Word Bank DemocracyDemocracyDoes not value art and music Delian LeagueOligarchy Agriculture (farming)Trade Open to world ideasPeloponnesian LeaguePeloponnesian League Values art and musicIsolated Trade Art/ music Valued Open to world ideas Delian League Oligarchy Agriculture Art/ music NOT valued Isolated Peloponnesian League

8. Agenda 8 AthensSparta Form of Government Economy Culture Relationship to outside world League Membership Word Bank DemocracyDemocracy Does not value art and music Delian LeagueOligarchy Agriculture (farming)Trade Open to world ideasPeloponnesian LeaguePeloponnesian League Values art and musicIsolated Democracy Trade Art/ music Valued Open to world ideas Delian League Oligarchy Agriculture Art/ music NOT valued Isolated Peloponnesian League Democracy: A form of government in which people vote for their leaders Back

9. Agenda 9 AthensSparta Form of Government Economy Culture Relationship to outside world League Membership Word Bank DemocracyDemocracyDoes not value art and music Delian League Oligarchy Agriculture (farming)Trade Open to world ideasPeloponnesian LeaguePeloponnesian League Values art and musicIsolated Democracy Trade Art/ music Valued Open to world ideas Delian League Oligarchy Agriculture Art/ music NOT valued Isolated Peloponnesian League Delian League: Greek alliance headed by Athens after the Persian War. (shown on the map in YELLOW) Back

10. Agenda 10 AthensSparta Form of Government Economy Culture Relationship to outside world League Membership Word Bank DemocracyDemocracyDoes not value art and music Delian League Oligarchy Agriculture (farming)Trade Open to world ideasPeloponnesian LeaguePeloponnesian League Values art and musicIsolated Democracy Trade Art/ music Valued Open to world ideas Delian League Oligarchy Agriculture Art/ music NOT valued Isolated Peloponnesian League Oligarchy : A form of government in which a small group leads. Back

11. Agenda 11 AthensSparta Form of Government Economy Culture Relationship to outside world League Membership Word Bank DemocracyDemocracyDoes not value art and music Delian League Oligarchy Agriculture (farming)Trade Open to world ideas Peloponnesian League Peloponnesian League Values art and musicIsolated Democracy Trade Art/ music Valued Open to world ideas Delian League Oligarchy Agriculture Art/ music NOT valued Isolated Peloponnesian League Peloponessian League: Greek alliance headed by Sparta after the Persian War. (shown on the map in PINK) Back

12. Explore 12 Agenda The Causes of the Peloponnesian War Sparta and Athens had opposing forms of government, Democracy and Oligarchy, which always caused tension between the two city states.Democracy Oligarchy In the years following the Persian Wars these tensions increased because: Sparta believed that Athens was trying to take too much power. Other city states believed that Athens was using the money from the Delian League for their own gain (they were).Delian League

13. Explore 13 Agenda The Causes of the Peloponnesian War Sparta and Athens had opposing forms of government, Democracy and Oligarchy, which always caused tension between the two city states.Democracy Oligarchy In the years following the Persian Wars these tensions increased because: Sparta believed that Athens was trying to take too much power Other city states believed that Athens was using the money from the Delian League for their own gain (they were)Delian League Democracy : A form of government in which people are the source of power Back

14. Explore 14 Agenda The Causes of the Peloponnesian War Sparta and Athens had opposing forms of government, Democracy and Oligarchy, which always caused tension between the two areas.Democracy Oligarchy In the years following the Persian Wars these tensions increased because: Sparta believed that Athens was trying to take too much power Other city states believed that Athens was using the money from the Delian League for their own gain (they were)Delian League Back Oligarchy: A form of government in which a small group leads.

15. Explore 15 Agenda The Causes of the Peloponnesian War Sparta and Athens had opposing forms of government, Democracy and Oligarchy, which always caused tension between the two areas.Democracy Oligarchy In the years following the Persian Wars these tensions increased because: Sparta believed that Athens was trying to take too much power Other city states believed that Athens was using the money from the Delian League for their own gain (they were)Delian League Back Delian League: Greek alliance headed by Athens after the Persian War. (shown on the map in ORANGE)

16. 16 Agenda Back War was declared in 432 BCE after Athens attempted to annex Corcyra against the wishes of the Corinthians, who were allied with Sparta.annex Corcyra Corinthians allied

17. 17 Agenda Back War was declared in 432 BCE after Athens attempted to annex Corcyra against the wishes of the Corinthians, who were allied with Sparta.annex Corcyra Corinthians allied Annex : To join to things together or add on to something

18. War was declared in 432 BCE after Athens attempted to annex Corcyra against the wishes of the Corinthians, who were allied with Sparta.annex Corcyra Corinthians allied 18 Agenda Back

19. 19 Agenda Back War was declared in 432 BCE after Athens attempted to annex Corcyra against the wishes of the Corinthians, who were allied with Sparta.annex Corcyra Corinthians allied Allied: An agreement between groups or people to work together

20. 20 Agenda Back The Athenians were confident that they could defeat the Spartans at sea because of their superior navy and protected access to a port. The Spartans were confident they could beat the Athenians on land and launched raids on the farms outside Athens for 5 years.

21. Athens was known for its powerful Navy.

22. Athenian Offensive Athens was afraid to make a big offensive move against Sparta as this could throw off the power of democracy. Therefore the small attacks they lead on the city states allied with Sparta had little affect to them.

23. Sparta was known for their large and well trained military

24. Sparta went to war with Athens because they were afraid of the further growth of Athenian power

25. Spartan Offensive Strategies Sparta had the idea, that they would be able to starve the Athenians into surrender by destroying the crops in Attica Thus it would force the inferior Athenian army to fight against the superior Spartan-Theban forces.

26. During the war, Sparta led many attacks on Attica. Athens raided the coast of the Peloponnese. The attacks on Attica by the Spartans didn’t do much harm to Athens because their food supply came mainly from Egypt.

27. 27 Agenda Back In 430 BCE many farmers fled inside the walls that surrounded Athens seeking protection from the Spartan Attacks This lead to overcrowding, and ultimately a plague.plague

28. 28 Agenda Back In 430 BCE many farmers fled inside the walls that surrounded Athens seeking protection from the Spartan Attacks This lead to overcrowding, and ultimately a plague.plague Plague: A widespread illness that causes a large number of deaths.

29. 29 Agenda Back The plague killed 50,000 people including Pericles the leader of the Athenian Army

30. Thucydides states, “The bodies of dying men lay one upon another, and half-dead creatures reeled about in the streets. The catastrophe became so overwhelming that men cared nothing for any rule of religion or law.”

31. The Finale to a Long War. Sparta eventually built a navy to defeat the weakened Athenian navy. Sparta captured the entire Athenian fleet without one loss, thus cutting off the food supply completely, thus ending the war.