1. By: Rocio Magana & Alexis Zuniga English 102 The beginning of Literature and the birth of books.

2. Literature?? Means “letter” in Latin Littera Means “letter” in Latin Littera Is the written work of a specific culture, sub-culture, religion, philosophy, or study of written work that may appear in poetry and prose. Is the written work of a specific culture, sub-culture, religion, philosophy, or study of written work that may appear in poetry and prose. It flourished in Egypt later in Greece, and then to Rome. It flourished in Egypt later in Greece, and then to Rome. Enheduanna (2285-2250 BCE) is the 1 st author of Literature in the world known by name Enheduanna (2285-2250 BCE) is the 1 st author of Literature in the world known by name Much of the early literature from Mesopotamia concerns about activities about the Gods. Much of the early literature from Mesopotamia concerns about activities about the Gods.

3. Literature Troy or Odysseus’s journey were considered true and sacred. Troy or Odysseus’s journey were considered true and sacred. Now they are just myths. Now they are just myths. Is divided into categories of fiction and non-fiction today. Is divided into categories of fiction and non-fiction today.

4. Ancient Literature The pyramid text of Egypt The pyramid text of Egypt Plato’s dialogue’s were the first to make drama work in the cause of philosophical inquiry. Plato’s dialogue’s were the first to make drama work in the cause of philosophical inquiry.

5. Birth of books Clay tablets Clay tablets Papyrus Papyrus Wax tablets Wax tablets Parchment Parchment

6. Clay Tablets One of the first forms of writing used by Sumerians At first this form of writing was a form of accounting, it was what they used to keep records of exchanges. Papyrus Scrolls Used by Egyptians Began writing around the same time as the Sumerians Papyrus scrolls came from a papyrus plant that grew in the marshy areas around the Nile River. At the time this was a popular form of writing, both the Greeks and Romans used it.

7. Wax Tablets Wax tablets were made of wood and covered with a thin layer of wax Often used by the Greeks and Romans Parchment Parchments is a translucent or opaque material made from the skins of animals. They were treated with lime or chalk until they were smooth and pliable. Parchments were used for writing in places that did not have access to papyrus.

8. Printing Press Early forms are writing were very limited. Therefor only some had access to books… Early forms are writing were very limited. Therefor only some had access to books… It wasn’t until Johannes Gutenberg press in 1445 that books became available for everyone… It wasn’t until Johannes Gutenberg press in 1445 that books became available for everyone…