1. By Munan Singhal

2.  When your conclusions are drawn from certain examples, observations, or facts  3 Tests for inductive reasoning

3.  See if enough examples have been found to back your reasoning  Any generalization you make should be based off of at least more than two examples.  More sources = More Credibility  Book Example: Airbags save lives  Show that in many accidents, the passengers in the cars without airbags would not have died had the cars been equipped with air bags

4.  Determine if examples are representative or typical  Find examples in many situations and be sure you are accurate  Test across a broad range and variety of your topic  The accidents in the airbag example should cover wide range of accidents

5.  Do the examples have exceptions?  Account for all exceptions in the situation  Airbags are not effective at certain speeds so when you make a generalization make sure you specify

6.  Does Secondhand smoke really kill?  Secondhand smoke kills according to American Heart and Lung Association  Secondhand Smoke- The Invisible Killer

7.  Various Cases  Approximately 50,000 deaths in adult non-smokers every year due to secondhand smoke  3,400 die of lung cancer  22,700-69,000 die of heart disease

8.  According to the Surgeon General all secondhand smoke is harmful  Contains 200 poisons and 400 cancer causing agents  Levels of secondhand smoke is higher in restaurants then anywhere else

9.  Any Exceptions ?  Secondhand smoke does not always kill  150,000 – 300,000 lower respiratory tract infections in children under 18 months  790,000 middle-ear infections linked to secondhand smoke  202,000 asthma attacks due to secondhand smoke in 2007 in children under eighteen

10.  Does it really kill then?  No, but it is harmful and dangerous

11.  1. How many examples should you base your generalization off of?  2. Should you account for exceptions in your conclusion?  3. What are the three tests for inductive reasoning?