1. Africa chapter 1, section 2 Climate and Vegetation What Influences Climate - Distance from the equator - Role of Elevation - Unpredictable Rainfall Vegetation Regions of Africa - Tropical rain Forests - Tropical savannas - Deserts in Africa - Desert Living Climate and Health - Sleeping sickness - Malaria

2. What Influences Climate? - Distance from equator - Elevation - Large bodies of water - Landforms Distance from Equator - Most of Africa lies between the Tropics of Cancer and Capricorn making it very tropical. - Half the continent has winter, when the other half is having summer.

3. The Role of Elevation - the higher you go, the cooler you get - Kilimanjaro is near the equator, yet has snow. - Ethiopia and Somalia = dist. from the equator, different climates. Ethiopia is higher, therefore cooler temps. and more rain. Somalia is lower elevation, hot and dry, can only farm near a river or oasis (fertile place in a desert with water and veg.).

4. Unpredictable Rainfall - Rainfall varies greatly across Africa. - In the west, winds carry moisture from the ocean. - Farmers in dry regions plant crops needing different amounts of rain, hoping at least one will grow.

5. Vegetation Regions of Africa - Rain forests near the equator - Savannas beyond the forests (region of tall grasses scattered with trees) - Desert Tropical Rain Forests - West and Central Africa - nearly 20% - Cacao and cassava grow well; people fish, hunt, and harvest timber

6. Tropical Savannas - most common, tall grasses, thorny bushes, scattered trees, and animals - Savannas cover more of Africa than other types of vegetation. - two seasons - wet and dry; one can only farm during wet season Deserts in Africa - Sahara in the north; about as large as the U.S. - Namib and Kalahari in Southern Africa

7. Desert Living - Nomads (people who have no home) live in the deserts. They are herders and traders. - They move around to grazing areas that have water.

8. Climate and Health - Climate can present health problems to people and animals. Sleeping Sickness - tsetse fly - one bite can kill cattle and cause sleeping sickness in humans - People are trying to control this by setting fly traps and putting poison in nets on tents.

9. Malaria - spread by the bite of an infected mosquito - They breed in swamps, ponds and pools of standing water. - Clothing and insecticide can help.

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