1. _______ in a group are similar because the atoms have the same # of _______ in their ____ energy levels Atoms will _____, _____ or _______electrons with each other in order to have a complete set of electrons Elements that undergo this process are called _________

2.  Contains _______  1 electron in the outer level  Soft enough to cut with a knife  Silver color, shiny, low density  _____ ______, react with water to form hydrogen gas  Most reactive metals because they can easily give away the one outer shell electron  So reactive that in nature they are ___________________.  Cmpds. formed from them are very useful  Ex.-Sodium Cholride-Table salt, Potassium Bromide- Used in photography

3. ___ electrons in outer level Very reactive, but less reactive than alkali metals More difficult for atoms to give 2 electrons than 1 when joining with other atoms Other properties: _____ _____, higher densities than alkali metals Magnesium for airplanes, _______ for cement, chalk and you!

4.  __ or ____ electrons in the outer level  Less reactive than alkaline-earth metals  Other properties: Shininess, _____ conductors of thermal energy and electric current, higher densities and MP than elements in Groups 1 and 2 (except _________-liquid @ room temp.)  Many are ______-not all-Gold is an example  Some are reactive and some are not that reactive  ________ & ________: placed below the table so the table is not so wide  Elements after _____ are made in labs  ________ used in smoke detectors, Mercury used for thermometers

5. This group contains one metalloid and four ________ ___ electrons in the outer level They are reactive They are _____ at room temp. Most common element is ________-most metal found in the Earth’s crust

6. Contains 1 nonmetal, 2 metalloids and 2 metals Contains 1 nonmetal, 2 metalloids and 2 metals ____ electrons in the outer level ____ electrons in the outer level The reactivity ______ among the elements The reactivity ______ among the elements _______ at room temperature _______ at room temperature Example of a nonmetal in the Carbon group: ________: hardest material known. _____: formed from burning oil, coal and wood. Example of a nonmetal in the Carbon group: ________: hardest material known. _____: formed from burning oil, coal and wood. Both are natural forms of Carbon Both are natural forms of Carbon

7. Contains 2 nonmetals, 2 metalloids and 1 metal Contains 2 nonmetals, 2 metalloids and 1 metal __ electrons in the outer level __ electrons in the outer level Reactivity varies among the elements Reactivity varies among the elements Solid at room temp. except for _______ (it is a gas) _____ of the air you breathe Solid at room temp. except for _______ (it is a gas) _____ of the air you breathe Nitrogen-not very reactive but Phosphorous is extremely reactive (striking a match) Nitrogen-not very reactive but Phosphorous is extremely reactive (striking a match)

8. Contains 3 nonmetals, 1 metalloid, and 1 metal ___ electrons in the outer level These elements are reactive All but _______ are solid at room temp. Oxygen makes up about _____ of the air you breathe. Sulfuric acid (compound) used in chemical industry

9. Contains ________ Contains ________ ____ electrons in the outer level ____ electrons in the outer level Very reactive because their atoms only need to gain only 1 atom to have a complete outer level Very reactive because their atoms only need to gain only 1 atom to have a complete outer level ______ conductors of electric current, violent reactions with alkali metals to form salts, never in uncombined forms in nature ______ conductors of electric current, violent reactions with alkali metals to form salts, never in uncombined forms in nature Chlorine and Iodine used as __________ Chlorine and Iodine used as __________

10. Contains _________ Contains _________ ___ electrons in the outer level (except ______ which has 2) ___ electrons in the outer level (except ______ which has 2) _______ elements-full set of electrons in their outer level _______ elements-full set of electrons in their outer level Colorless, odorless gases at room temp. Colorless, odorless gases at room temp. These are useful gases-argon: lightbulbs, helium: makes blimps and weather balloons float These are useful gases-argon: lightbulbs, helium: makes blimps and weather balloons float

11.  1 electron in the outer level  Hydrogen is ________  Properties of H do not match any other group so it is set apart.  Colorless, odorless gas at room temp., low density, ______ reaction with oxygen  Can give away one electron when they join with other atoms.  Physical props. of hydrogen are more like nonmetals than metals.  Hydrogen is found in _______. Most abundant element in the _________.  Useful in _____ _______ because it is so reactive