2. Electricity Mrs. Cromwell-Olson

6. Electric charge b All matter is made of atoms b Atoms are made of protons (+), neutrons, and electrons (-) b Law of Electric Charges- like charges repel, and opposite charges attract b Protons and Electrons thus attract

7. Electric Force b Electric Force- the force between charged objects b Strength of electric force depends on 2 factors: size of the chargessize of the charges distance between the chargesdistance between the charges b Electric Field- region around a charged particle that can exert a force on another charged particle

8. Electrical Energy / Current b Cell- device that produces an electric current by converting chemical energy to electrical energy b Battery- made of several cells b Potential Difference- a difference in charge, allows electric current to flow; measured in volts (V) b Current- rate at which charge passes a point; unit is ampere (A)

9. Current / Resistance b Direct Current (DC)- charges flow in one direction b Alternating Current (AC)- charges continually switch directions b Resistance- opposition to flow of electric charge; unit is ohm Resistance depends on the material the wires are made ofResistance depends on the material the wires are made of Thick wires have less resistance than thinThick wires have less resistance than thin Short wires have less resistance than longShort wires have less resistance than long

10. Electric Power / Circuits b Electrical power- the rate at which electrical energy is used to do work b Power = Voltage x Current b Circuit- complete, closed path through which electricity flows b Series Circuit- all parts are connected in a single loop (p.442) b Parallel Circuit- different loads are located on different branches (p. 443)

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