1. Erta Ale Volcano, Ethiopia

2. Erta Ale, 2011 (used in “Clash of the Titans”)

3. Got here on 8/30/12

4. Erta Ale

5. Erta Ale, fountaining

6. Erta Ale, pseudo-subduction zone

7. Erta Ale, looking like mid-ocean ridges

8. Erta Ale, looking like Mid-Atlantic ridge, with transforms too!:

9. Erta Ale

10. Erta Ale, looking like a plate boundary triple-junction

11. Erta Ale, 2010 flow

12. Erta Ale, falling levels

13. Dallol hot springs, Ethiopia

16. Nyiragongo, DR Congo

17. Nyiragongo

18. Pu’o O’o, Hawaii

20. Marum crater, Ambrym island, Vanuatu

21. Mt. Erebus Lava Lake, Antarctica

22. A Planet’s History is Dominated by the Flow of Heat Outward: Occurs through Radiation Conduction Convection

23. Earliest Earth?

24. Major “players” in the story of Earth’s evolution: (1) 1st Law of Geology: Rocks Fall Downhill (Gravity) - Controls LAYERING, MINERAL PHASES

25. Major “players” in the story of Earth’s evolution: (1) 1st Law of Geology: Rocks Fall Downhill (Gravity) - Controls LAYERING, MINERAL PHASES (2) 1st Law of Geophysics - Heat “rises” (Thermodynamics, thermal expansion, gravity) Heat flows from hot regions to cold regions (therefore up and out of the Earth).

27. Hypsometric Curve:

35. Rifting:

38. Subduction:

40. Mountain Building:

41. Mountain Building:

42. Transform Faulting: