1. Arthropods
insects

2. Taxonomy Arthro- = joint Pod = foot
Examples: spiders, insects, shrimp, lobster, crabs, millipedes, centipedes

3. General Characteristics
The largest group of animals
Have a hard exoskeleton made out of chiton
Have jointed appendages for a wider range of motion
Air is piped directly to cells for higher metabolism
Demonstrate complex behavior patterns based on instinct

5. Body Plan
Body Plan: Jointed appendages, segmented body, bilateral symmetry and exoskeleton made of chiton for protection
Exoskeleton: hard outer covering that is sometimes molted
exoskeleton
molting horseshoe crab

7. Body Plan Segmentation: internally and externally segmented
Each segment contains spiracles and nerves
Head-thorax-abdomen or cephalothorax-abdomen
Jointed appendages: jointed legs allow for more advanced movement and modification for a wider range of habitats
Coelom: true body cavity filled with hemolymph (blood- like fluid)

8. Respiration
Respiration: (spiracles) a system of air tubes that deliver oxygen directly to cells

9. Digestion
Digestion: complete digestive system with specialized mouth parts and appendages (mandibles and palps) specialized for each food source

11. Circulation
Circulation: Open circulatory system with a heart, arteries and hemolymph
Hemocoel: the cavity that holds hemolymph fluid

12. Nervous System
Nervous System: brain, nerve cords, ganglia and specialized sensory organs

13. Movement
Movement: each arthropod has appendages that are specialized

14. Reproduction Reproduction: sexual reproduction: sexes are separate
Fertilization is internal and then eggs are laid

15. Metamorphosis
Metamorphosis: the changes in form that occur in an insects life cycle
Incomplete: larva-nymph-adult
Complete: larva-cocoon-adult
butterflies

18. Ecological Importance
Essential in food webs because they occupy every area on Earth
Essential in the pollination of many plants
Spread diseases (mosquitos, ticks)
Create products like honey, silk and beeswax
Are a food source for humans
insect dye

19. Class Merostomata Only five living species
Live in oceans but can swim up rivers
Can spend time out of water
Most ancient living arthropods
Examples: horseshoe crabs

20. Horseshoe Crabs

21. Class Pycnogonida Number of legs varies from 8-12
Found in all oceans and all temperatures
Examples: Sea spiders

22. Class Branchiopoda 800 species Small: up to 10 cm long
Examples: brine shrimp, Water fleas, tadpole shrimp, clam shrimp

23. Water Fleas

24. Water Fleas

25. Brine Shrimp

26. Class Malacostraca Live in water Pets and food for humans
Examples: Includes krill, sow bugs, lobsters, crayfish, shrimp, and crabs

29. Krill

30. Lobsters

32. Crayfish

33. Crabs

40. Crustacean diagram

41. red crabs Christmas island great migrations

42. Subphylum Myriapoda Class Chilopoda: Centipedes
Up to 177 segments
1 pair of legs on each segment
Poisonous
Examples: centipedes

43. Subphylum Myriapoda Class Diplopoda
2 pairs of legs on each segment
Emit a foul smell instead of poison
Example: millipedes

44. Giant African Millipede

45. Class Arachnidan 8 legs No wings or antennae Cephalothorax and abdomen
Incomplete metamorphosis
Squirt digestive juices then suck up their meal
Examples: Spiders, mites, ticks and scorpions

46. Class Arachnida Order Araneae: Spiders
Fangs to kill prey and deliver venom
Spinnerets to make silk
4 pairs of light sensing eyes
43,000+ species of spiders!!! 
bird eating spider

47. Class Arachnida Order Scorpionida: Scorpions
1300 species
Claws for grasping prey
Tail with venom gland and stinger
Have hair sensory organs
Scorpion
Scorpions

48. Class Arachnida Order Acari: Ticks & Mites
Most are parasites that feed on blood or hair
Cause skin rashes, allergies and spread diseases
ticks

49. Subphylum Myriapoda Class Insecta: Insects
3 pairs of legs
1 million known species
Finding new species all the time
Show advanced social behavior
weird bugs
amazing insects
honey bees
ant communication

50. Beehive

51. Queen Bee

52. Drone Bee

53. Worker Bee

54. Worker bee with pollen

55. Class Insecta: Insects
Attracting mates:
Emit pheromones
Flashes of lights (fireflies)
Sounds and color signals
luna moth

56. Class Insecta: Insects
Legs are often modified for special purposes
Sticky (house fly)
Jumping legs (grasshopper and crickets)
Paddle-shaped (water bugs, many beetles)
Grasping (praying mantis)

57. Class Insecta Order Odonata
Chewing mouthparts
Toothed mandibles
Winged adults
Nymphs and adults differ in appearance
Aquatic nymphs w/gills
Indicators of good water quality
Examples : Dragonflies and Damselflies

58. Class Insecta Order Orthroptera
Chewing mouthparts
Straight wings
Winged adults
Nymph and adults live in same habitat
Nymph and adult are similar in appearance
Examples: Grasshopper, katydids, and crickets

59. Class Insecta Order Mantodea
Chewing Mandible
Winged adults
Nymph and adults are similar
Examples: Mantids

60. Class Insecta Order Blattaria
Chewing Mandible
Winged adults ( not all are winged)
Nymph and Adults live in same habitat
Nymph and Adults similar in appearance
Example: Cockroach

61. Class Insecta Order Isoptera
Chewing mouthparts
Equal wings
Winged adults
Nymphs and adults live in same habitat, and they have similar appearance.
Example: Termites

62. Class Insecta Order Hemiptera
Piercing and sucking
Usually winged and adults
Nymphs and adults live in same habitat
Nymphs and adults are similar in appearance
Example: Cicada and Aphids

63. Class Insecta Order Coleoptera
Chewing Mouthparts
Hardened forewings
Winged adults
Larvae and adults live in same habitat
Larvae and adults aren’t similar in appearance
Example: Beetles

64. Class Insecta Order Siphonoptera
Siphoning
Wingless adults
Larvae and adults aren’t similar in appearance
Often pest of mammals
Examples: fleas

65. Class Insecta Order Diptera
Sponging, piercing, sucking, bitting
Winged Adult
2nd pair of wings are halters
Larvae and adults live in same habitat
Larvae and adults are not similar in appearance
Some spread disease to humans
Examples: Flies

66. Class Insecta Order Lepidoptera
Larva: Chewing; Adult: Siphoning
Winged Adults
Larvae and Adults not similar in appearance
Most larvae feed on plant tissue
Many moths are pest; most butterflies aren’t
Examples: Moths and Butterflies

67. Class Insecta Order Hymenoptera
Chewing & lapping
Membrane wings
Winged Adults
Larvae and Adults not similar in appearance
Examples: ants, bees, sawflies, wasps

68. bbc insects
insect wars
grasshopper dissection
huge arachnids