1. Copyright © 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Chapter 44 Structure and Function of the Skin

2. Copyright © 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Healthy Skin Epidermis Basement membrane Dermis Subcutaneous tissue Epidermis

3. Copyright © 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Question Tell whether the following statement is true or false. Subcutaneous tissue is also known as the hypodermis.

4. Copyright © 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Answer True Rationale: Because it lies below the dermis, the subcutaneous tissue is also referred to as the hypodermis.

5. Copyright © 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Epidermal Cells Keratinocytes Melanocytes Langerhans cells (macrophages)

6. Copyright © 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Dermis Provides support and nutrition Blood vessels Collagen bundles Immune cells Neurons Epidermis Nerve endings

7. Copyright © 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Provides support, insulation, energy storage Fat deposits Connective tissues Epidermis Subcutaneous Tissue

8. Copyright © 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Question In which layer of the skin are most of its structures contained? a.Cutaneous b.Epidermis c.Dermis d.Hypodermis

9. Copyright © 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Answer c.Dermis Rationale: The epidermis contains many layers of keratinized squamous epithelium and melanocytes (that produce pigment); the hypodermis contains lots of blood vessels and fatty tissue; the dermis contains most of the structures (hair, sweat glands, piloerector muscles, immune cells, blood vessels, and neurons).

10. Copyright © 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Sweat glands –Apocrine –Eccrine Sebaceous glands Hair Nails Epidermis Skin Appendages Sweat gland

11. Copyright © 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Question Tell whether the following statement is true or false. Sebaceous glands are a type of sweat gland.

12. Copyright © 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Answer False Rationale: Sebaceous glands are oil-producing glands that are adjacent to hair follicles. Sweat glands include apocrine (these glands also join a hair follicle, producing thicker sweat) and eccrine/merocrine glands. Eccrine sweat glands are the most numerous (you have around 4 million); they open directly to a sweat pore on the skin’s surface.

13. Copyright © 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Manifestations of Skin Disorders Rashes Lesions –Blisters –Calluses –Telangiectases Pruritus (itch)