1. The Logic of Scenario Development: A Case Study Ronald R. Mourant and Matthew Romoser Northeastern Univ. Univ. of Massachusetts

2. Hardware and Software University of Massachusetts A visual database modeling tool (Designer's Workbench, Coryphaeus Software) Silicon Graphics Infinite Reality Engine, an O2 and two Indy 3 screens – 180 degrees FOV Northeastern University AutoCAD, Java3D Portable PC HMD – 30 degree FOV with headtracking

3. .5 sec gap 1.0 sec gap 1.5 sec gap etc. increase by.5 sec increments LEFT TURN ACROSS TRAFFIC – GAP ANTICIPATION

4. Left Turn – Gap Acceptance

5. Cross Traffic Does Not Stop RIGHT TURN MERGE INTO TRAFFIC GAP ANTICIPATION (see which one they take).5 sec gap 1.0 sec gap 1.5 sec gap 2.0 sec gap 2.5 sec gap, etc. Once they begin their turn, traffic behind the driver’s car should slow down significantly to avoid scaring the subject. Once past the intersection, all other traffic could pull into a “grocery store” parking lot just to get it out of the way. To make this a left turn merge …. we could have cars cross in alternating directions at increasing intervals. ie. Car from left at t = 0 sec., Car from right at t =.5 sec (.5 sec gap), Car from left at t = 1.5 sec. (1.0 sec gap), Car from right at t = 3.0 sec. (1.5 sec gap), Car from left at t = 5.0 sec. (2.0 sec gap), Car from right at t = 7.5 sec. (2.5 sec gap), Car from left at t = 10.5 sec (3.0 sec gap), etc. etc. Cars quickly turn into parking lot of some kind.

6. Right-Turn Merge

7. Incursion Via a Parked Vehicle

8. Temptation Due to Lead-Vehicle

9. Concerns Vehicle Dynamics How can you get the same vehicle performance when using different software and computers? Will simple vehicle performance measures help? time to go from 0 to 60 mph time to coast to stop from 60 mph? time to brake to stop from 60 mph?

10. More Concerns Perception of speed? depends on FOV? depends on the rate of optical flow? Perception of speed of autonomous vehicles This very much depends on the FOV

11. What Can We Standardize? Building roads? Models such as vehicles, people etc.? Signs? Traffic Signals? Sounds Specifications of behaviors?

12. Virtual Environments Laboratory Curved Screen - 120 degrees Two LCD Projectors One Computer (1 graphics card)

13. The Logic of Scenario Development: A Case Study Ronald R. Mourant, Ph.D. mourant@coe.neu.edu Virtual Environments Laboratory 334 Snell Engineering Center Northeastern University Boston, Massachusetts 02115 http://www.coe.neu.edu/~mourant/velab.html Matthew Romoser Human Performance Laboratory University of Massachusetts Amherst, Massachusetts 01003